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Skeptical About Climate Deniers  
Few concepts are more poorly understood or more abused than skepticism. The best example of this abuse is to attribute the moniker of "climate change skeptic" to those who ignore the overwhelming data concerning global warming.

The shortest definition of skepticism is "an attitude of doubting the truth about a claim or statement." Something a bit more meaningful would be "suspending judgment and applying systematic reservation about a claim or statement."

So why can't we rightfully call a denier a skeptic since he doubts or has reservations about the truth about climate change claims, which would at first glance meet the definition of skepticism? We shall see.

Michael Shermer, Executive Director of the Skeptics Society, has rightfully noted that "skepticism is not a position, it is a process." It is the application of critical thinking to evaluate the validity of an assertion. Saying that "I am a skeptic" has little meaning because that is a stance; more meaningful is a statement like, "I am open to accepting a claim if presented with sufficiently convincing evidence."

What we are talking about here, even though everybody uses the term skepticism, is actually "ordinary incredulity." We are not including here what is technically "philosophical doubt" -- a more formal version of skepticism, an intellectual exercise to deny the validity of an entire class of claims by positing that certain knowledge is not attainable even in theory. Yeah, I know, that is a little opaque. But we really do need to understand the distinction between ordinary incredulity and philosophical skepticism before we can nail down why deniers are not in fact skeptics. The best way I've come across is a review of the Truman Show and the Matrix as put forth in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Truman is placed, without his knowledge, in a contrived environment so that his "life" can be broadcast on television. Truman comes across clues that something is wrong. In The Matrix, where everything is running as programmed by the machines, there is no possible way for the "people" in the matrix to determine that the world as experienced is only a "dream world" and not the real world (the world of causes and effects). The Truman Show is a depiction of a case of ordinary incredulity because there is some evidence that is, in principle, available to Truman for determining what's really the case; whereas The Matrix depicts a situation similar to that imagined by a typical philosophical skeptic in which it is not possible for the Matrix-bound characters to obtain evidence for determining that things are not as they seem (whenever the virtual reality is perfectly created). Put another way, the philosophical skeptic challenges our ordinary assumption that there is evidence available that can help us to discriminate between the real world and some counterfeit world that appears in all ways to be identical to the real world.

So from that we conclude that ordinary incredulity (what people typically call skepticism) arises when in principle doubt can be removed by discovering the truth of some claim or statement.

And here is precisely why climate change deniers do not have the high privilege of being called skeptics. No amount of data, no convincing evidence, and no degree of proof would ever convince a denier that climate change is real. Even in principle a denier's doubt cannot be removed because a denier is relying on faith rather than evidence to support his position. If doubt cannot be removed with new knowledge or advances in understanding, then that is not skepticism - it is just a form of religion.

Cynicism Is Not Skepticism

Offering a skeptical perspective is not cynical; in fact quite the opposite is true. Cynics doubt and mistrust not on the weight of evidence or lack thereof but on suspicions of underlying motivation. Cynicism can lead to the rejection of a claim but not to new discoveries, unlike skepticism which can lead to both.

Provisional disbelief is often mistaken as cynicism; the two are not equivalent. It is perfectly reasonable to start out unconvinced that humans are causing our climate to change. But that shifts to cynicism and faith-based opposition with the inability to modify that position in the presence of overwhelming evidence. What matters, independent of one's starting hypothesis, is the willingness to draw conclusions when a claim is confirmed "to such an extent that it would be reasonable to offer temporary agreement."

Skepticism is fully embedded in the scientific method: the application of systematic observation, reproducible measurements, and experimentation in order to gain new knowledge about and a deeper understanding of our physical and biological world. The entire reason for applying systematic observation is that we are open to but remain skeptical of any claim's validity until observation, reproducible measurements and experimental confirm or reject the claim.

Climate change denial is a form of cynicism and as such is the antithesis of skepticism; it is the closed-minded pre-determined rejection of any and all data that might validate the claim that our climate is changing, and the blind credulous acceptance of any unsubstantiated assertions that support the denial. Here is the bottom line difference between a denier and someone currently convinced the climate is changing: if presented with convincing contrary evidence that demonstrates the earth's climate is not warming, or is changing by natural cyclical variation alone, one who temporarily accepted that the earth is warming because of human activity would modify his conclusion based on this new knowledge. In contrast, no mountain of data demonstrating that humans are causing a changing climate would cause a denier to modify his conclusion. Skepticism demands an open mind and allows for and encourages the advancement of knowledge by seeking explanations of phenomena anchored in the natural world; faith-based denial is immune to modification.

A denier may come back and say that in fact those who claim the climate is changing are the ones with closed minds since they openly reject what deniers believe. But no, that is false equivalency; deniers could indeed make headway if they could present convincing data but the inverse is not true.

Open Mind, Gullibility and Conviction

We must not confuse an open mind with gullibility. A mind open to change in the face of convincing data is not equivalent to credulous acceptance of a claim absent of evidence. Nor can we confuse an open mind with lack of conviction. Climate change experts are secure in their conclusions based on overwhelming evidence across multiple disciplines, confirmed independently by thousands of scientists in hundreds of countries. They have no less an open mind because they are firm in their conclusion. With overwhelming evidence in hand the threshold for modifying one's temporary acceptance becomes ever higher. The threshold for change is elevated on the basis of accumulating evidence, not faith. We can confidently conclude, without being accused of being closed minded, that atoms are a building block of nature, that DNA contains the genetic code, and that the earth orbits the sun. Being highly confident about these statements is justified by incredibly precise measurements, reproducible observations and extraordinarily refined experimentation performed by tens thousands of scientists over decades or centuries. Yes it would be possible to overturn these conclusions with sufficiently convincing contrary data, but given the history leading to our understanding of these aspects of the natural world, that is not likely to happen. That does not make us closed-minded; it makes us firm in our convictions but open to being convinced otherwise by overwhelming data. Climate change deniers in contrast can never be otherwise convinced.

Deep Irony

Climate change deniers bring to the debate a deep irony and terrible hypocrisy that add another disturbing element beyond the important difference between cynicism and skepticism. We know that deniers demand more proof that the climate is warming even in the face of a growing body of accumulating evidence. We know too that while they demand such proof no quantity of date would ever be sufficient because the denial is not based in skepticism but in cynicism and faith. And yet. And yet this same demand for proof is conspicuously and gloriously absent when the question turns to patently false claims about fat-burning foods or a host of bogus promises relating to diet and nutrition, or the link between autism and vaccines, or the economic viability of nuclear power, or clean coal, or alien landings, or the Bermuda Triangle, or virtually anything that is not climate change. Only with climate change is such proof demanded; meaning we have the circumstance in which deniers reject a conclusion for which we have overwhelming evidence but accept wild claims for which there is none. Some significant number of Republicans, even if not a majority as sometimes reported, believes that Obama is a Muslim; where is the demand for proof? Such is the dangerous brew of faith stirred with cynicism in the absence of reasonable credulity.

There are no climate change skeptics; only faith-based climate change cynics.

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James Nasmyth Scientist of the Day James Hall Nasmyth, a...  

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James Nasmyth Scientist of the Day

James Hall Nasmyth, a Scottish engineer and inventor, was born Aug. 19, 1808.

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New York's '50 By 30': A Model For The Rest Of America  
As Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump roll out their very different energy policy platforms -- with Clinton promoting production of renewable energy and Trump of traditional energy -- it's useful to look at activities at the state level. Because President Obama's Clean Power Plan is making its way through the courts, there is virtually no federal energy policy, which means the 50 states of America are providing 50 pilot programs showing how different potential new federal energy policies could be implemented.

Among the progressive states, New York is worth watching. Governor Andrew Cuomo has advanced a "50 by 30" (50 percent of electric energy must come from renewables by the year 2030) climate and energy policy. Due to its rich existing endowment of energy resources, New York has the luxury to choose from contending forms of renewable and zero or low carbon energy resources. In 2015, 45 percent of New York's electricity came from oil, gas, and coal. That means 55 percent of electric power already comes from low or zero-carbon emitting resources. Here is the breakdown of that 55 percent.

31 percent of New York's electric energy in 2015 came from New York's nuclear plants. Whatever one's view of nuclear, it does produce carbon-free electric power. The problem is, some of the nuclear plants are in dire straits economically, and some are quite far along in the 60-year expected life span of these facilities. If New York could keep its nuclear plants open, maintaining "50 by 30" will be easier; if all of the nuclear plants close, it will be much, much harder. New York is already at "50 by 30" only by virtue of its struggling nuclear power fleet. Hence the determination of the Cuomo administration to keep the upstate nuclear power plants operating until 2030. The mechanism for allowing nuclear plants to survive is by awarding them "zero emissions credits" and requiring electric distribution companies to purchase those credits.

19 percent of New York's power in 2015 came from hydro, anchored of course by the huge facility at Niagara Falls. Only 2.8 percent of New York's electricity in 2015 came from wind. It has the potential for much more wind development, most of it located in upstate. Additional wind capacity could be developed assuming a buildout of north-to-south and west-to-east transmission to get the clean power to downstate markets. New York can import more clean power from Quebec and from PJM (the New Jersey-Pennsylvania-Maryland market). Several advanced new transmission projects are in development that could serve as "renewable expressways" into New York. New York could also ultimately be home to several thousand MW of offshore wind.

Solar energy is expanding rapidly, although most of it is "behind the meter" or a "retail" form of renewable energy. As the idea of "microgrids" takes hold as a result of New York's regulatory reforms, solar will continue to expand in New York. Energy efficiency is also part of the microgrid toolkit, so substantial additional efficiency improvements will continue. This microgrid-led activity in the retail sector of the industry will show up largely as slightly declining demand for electric power from the wholesale sector.

What implications does the New York experience have for President Clinton, or President Trump's, energy policy? Acknowledging that the state's carbon goal requires keeping nukes alive is an important adjustment in the clean energy narrative. But, the subsidy is aimed at "keeping nukes alive," not at creating the next generation of nuclear plants. That experiment is being conducted in other states (almost all in the South) and it is not going well: it turns out that electricity from new nuclear plants may be more expensive than renewable energy from wind and solar.

It's worth asking what New York will ultimately get from this portfolio of renewable and carbon-free initiatives. One answer comes from the old idea of "comparative advantage." What does New York have that makes it competitive in the renewable energy business? To be sure, it has finance, it has technology and first class educational systems. It seeks to be a 21st century high tech manufacturer.

Perhaps its most important attribute, however, is its location. The State's electric infrastructure -- its transmission and microgrid assets -- can, with modest investment, capitalize on New York's comparative advantages to create a booming, region-wide, renewable energy trade. With New York City and Long Island as the fulcrum, New York should be at the center of commerce between its own energy-rich upstate, the massive power market of "PJM" (essentially the area from New Jersey to North Carolina, westward to Illinois), New England, Quebec and Ontario. The greater northeast of North America abounds with intelligence, capital, and natural resources. New York can uniquely be the hub of regional renewable energy trade.

At first glance, the argument that New York will be the hub of an interregional market in renewable energy seems old-fashioned. But it isn't for two reasons. First, a regional renewable energy market, anchored in expanded trading links between New York and its neighbors, will provide electricity users throughout northeastern North America with access to the affordable renewable energy that is all around us. Second, an open market where energy and technology is traded is critical for the adoption of innovation. When markets are closed -- whether it be by actions of utilities or regulators -- innovation is stifled and along with it the economic growth that New York expects to get out of its renewable energy initiatives. Only with a regional renewable energy markets linking producers and consumers of energy can New York and northeastern North America secure large amounts of carbon-free energy at affordable prices.

What's true for the Northeast would be even more true for the nation as a whole. It's unfortunate that the Obama Administration's clean energy programs were largely thwarted. But Hillary Clinton has elaborated an ambitious and progressive renewable energy vision. The result of New York's effort provides other states with a roadmap on how to transition from vision to action, from the old fossil-fuel based power system to the new one based on renewable and sustainable power sources.

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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Spotted eagle rays by Eugene Kitsios  

Spotted eagle rays by Eugene Kitsios

Spotted eagle rays swim by in the beautiful blue waters of the Bahamas. This photo was taken in collaboration with the Bimini Biological Field Station, a non-profit organisation that focus on research and conservation of sharks and rays. Follow me on instagram if you want to keep updated of my work: www.instagram.com/eugenekitsios

Eugene Kitsios: Photos

 
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Untitled by Mussion H.  

Untitled by Mussion H.

Mussion H.: Photos

 
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Feeling Lonely? Stop Online Dating and Start Befriending  

Source: Sophie Tanner

Having always been sceptical of online dating, I was hardly surprised to read recent research reveal that Tinder lowers your self-esteem, with users feeling 'depersonalised and disposable'. No shit. Compulsively swiping through photos of prospective lovers can give you a buzz if you get some good late-night chat but can equally make your skin prickle with despair when you're rejected.

Unfortunately dating apps offer a quick fix of false intimacy, which can become addictive to people who are feeling lonely. Yet the cause of loneliness doesn't always come from being alone, it comes from a lack of deep and meaningful relationships, which take time and can't realistically be built on a foundation of pouting selfies and sexting.

It seems to me that isolation and the decline of community is one of the most significant challenges facing the UK in the 21st century. Yet loneliness is difficult for people to admit, especially younger generations who are not stereotypically associated with it. There are many ways a person can end up lonely - moving away from home, changing jobs, relationship break downs, full-time childcare, loss of purpose, not being needed anymore and, of course, bereavement.

In an increasingly ageing society, elderly people often end up spending most of their twilight years alone, with mobility issues meaning they have less control over finding new companions. Evidence states that 3.1 million people aged over 65 have no contact with a friend, neighbour or family member in any one week and over 1.8 million do not see anyone they know in a month.

Troubled by these stats, I spoke to Brighton volunteer charity, Time To Talk Befriending (TTTB), to see what's involved in inter-generational befriending projects. I met with founder, Emily Kenward, and her companion, Muriel, who is very bright and perky at the age of 91.

Muriel tells me that age crept up on her, that gradually all of her friends passed away and her neighbours are always so busy. She started to feel fed up with always being on her own but luckily Emily found her and lifted her spirits.

Emily explains how TTTB offers induction training for volunteers, assessing their personality and interests and matches them with like-minded older people aged over-65. TTTB staff then host the first introduction meeting in which the selected pair check each other out.

Evidently the charity has a real knack for match-making because, in almost every case, long-standing, genuine friendships have been formed, with companions arranging regular dates, on a weekly or fortnightly basis. TTTB carry out 3 month reviews to support any issues that may arise.

There's a plethora of member testimonials which declare that the charity has, quite literally, changed their lives. New mums with babies, often lonely themselves, have found the service particularly successful. "People are in it for the long run," Emily smiles, "it's natural, it's friendship."

I am fascinated by the process, impressed that volunteers continually show such tenacity. Emily and Muriel share a warm glance. "The thing is, you just know," says Emily. "The very first time I met Muriel something special happened, it was real and it was instant."

When I ask Muriel how she feels about using the internet for social connection she shudders. 'Computers - no! I'm too thick. At my age why bother, I don't want it. When I grew up I never had a TV or a radio."

I start to protest then close my mouth. It's a common mistake to forget how radical it is to see a digital revolution happen in the space of one lifetime. The computer-savvy are far too quick to roll their eyes and glibly ignore what it must be like to evolve from a world of telegrams and post boxes to smartphones and avatars. Why should we expect elderly people, digital immigrants, to adopt technology as seamlessly as we have?

Muriel talks about how difficult it is to perform simple admin tasks without an email address. She also tried out a special smartphone for elderly people but couldn't work it. She admits her disillusion with mobiles, saying "you don't get as much human engagement - people don't look up."

TTTB advocates a deeper understanding of how it feels to be isolated by growing older. As well as befriending, they also train volunteers on sensory decline, with ear muffles and vision goggles, and offer school visits, where older people like Muriel meet kids who haven't encountered anyone over the age of 60. Muriel laughs as she recounts how one young girl gazed at her in disbelief, asking "how come you're still alive?"

Scams are often a major threat to vulnerable elders' financial security and wellbeing - every year billions of pounds are lost to door-to-door, telephone and online fraudsters who exploit their cognitive impairment and need to talk to someone. TTTB work closely with Sussex Police to raise awareness and identify hot spots of this crime.

All in all, it seems that this charity is setting a fantastic example on the small changes we can make to try and reduce isolation in our communities. We don't need to exist as lonely hearts behind closed doors. Connecting with the people you see every day is far more rewarding than desperately seeking an elusive online romance to complete you. A smile, a quick chat, a homemade cake - all these things can help people to realise that they aren't forgotten or invisible. And, you never know, in the process of becoming a better neighbour, you might even meet the boy-next-door!  
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r0B0t: Is this the beginning of the end for cab drivers? - Independent Online  

Is this the beginning of the end for cab drivers? Independent Online The software is not advanced enough, while regulators have raised safety concerns and there is uncertainty over whether the public can ever trust robot drivers. These fears increased when 40-year-old Joshua Brown was killed when his self-driving Tesla ... and more »

 
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Helen Macdonald: ​the unsettling encounter that inspired H is for Hawk  

Ten years ago, a confusing encounter changed Helen Macdonald's understanding of the connection between humans and the natural world

It was the autumn of 2006 in Uzbekistan, a few months before my father died. I'd driven with a group of other fieldworkers in a Russian jeep down to the banks of the Syrdarya river in Andijan province. Once we'd pitched our tents, I went for a stroll in the hot, blank forest sunlight. It was very still and quiet. My feet crunched on salt-crusted mud and across leaf litter sparking with grasshoppers and sinuous silver lizards. After a mile or so, I found myself in an open clearing and looked up. And that is when I thought I saw a man standing in a tree. That's what my brain told me, momentarily. A man in a long overcoat leaning slightly to one side. And then I saw it wasn't a man, but a goshawk.

Moments like this are very illuminating. Despite my lifelong obsession with birds of prey, I'd never thought before, much, about the actual phenomenology of human-hawk resemblance, which must have brought forth all those mythological hawk-human bonds I've studied for so long. Back in the early 2000s, I had been working on my doctoral dissertation in natural history at the University of Cambridge, but I never finished it. I wrote a book about falcons instead. I recounted tales that didn't fit in my PhD of the mafia threatening to drive a falconer out of New York City because his falcon was a threat to their pigeon-flying activities, stories of fan dancers, jet pilots, astronauts and the diplomatic shenanigans of early modern royalty. But everything I'd written about this strange symbolic connection between birds of prey and human souls felt as if it had a different kind of truth, now, one forged of things other than books. I looked up at a hawk in a tree, but I saw a man. How curious.

Related: Costa biography award 2014: H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald

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Research Examines If Surgery Delays Affect Patients' Health Outcome  

Researchers find that long waiting times for surgery are not associated with worse health outcomes for patients. The study involved patients waiting for surgery in England.

 
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Dieselgate in Europe: How Officials Ignored Years of Emissions Evidence  
When American authorities revealed that Volkswagen used software to trick pollution tests, it spurred widespread outrage. Documents obtained by SPIEGEL show that European officials knew about the deception for years -- but didn't act on it.  
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In Leak Of Democratic Emails, Questions About Russia's Role  

What's behind Russia's apparent hacking into the Democratic National Committee — and what could it gain by meddling in the U.S. election? "It's all about Hillary Clinton," says a Russian journalist.

 
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Federal Judge Throws Out Uber Driver Class-Action Settlement Offer  

Uber drivers claims that they should be compensated as employees, not independent contractors, get a boost. Negotiators for the drivers had okayed the deal but the judge wasn't satisfied.

 
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Uber To Roll Out Self-Driving Cars In Pittsburgh  

The ride-hailing company expects to include a human in case something goes wrong, but the driverless vehicles would be the first available for commercial use. They could be on the road in a few weeks.

 
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'Flying Bum' Airship Takes Flight In England  

The Airlander 10 — billed as the world's longest aircraft — took off from an airfield north of London this week. Yet it's the airship's bulbous, multi-chambered design that has captured attention.

 
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T-Mobile, Sprint Vie For New Customers With Unlimited-Data Plans  

It's a bit of a renaissance for unlimited plans, which went all but extinct in recent years. But do people really need that much data?

 
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Ford Looks To A Fleet Of Driverless Cars  

They'll be on the road by 2021, the company says, and will build on automation already available for help with parking and avoiding traffic. The vehicles could be used for ride sharing, Uber-style.

 
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Untitled by Me, You And Others  

Untitled by Me, You And Others

Me, You And Others: Photos

 
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Siblings  

Kieran Williams Photography posted a photo:

 
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Legendary Barber Donnie Hawley stops to talk about ... by Justin Oberman  

Legendary Barber Donnie Hawley stops to talk about ... by Justin Oberman

Legendary Barber Donnie Hawley stops to talk about the future during a tour of his Costa Mesa Barbershop

Justin Oberman: Photos

 
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Sunflowers move by the clock  

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Sunflowers near the University of California, Davis, campus. Plant biologists have now discovered how sunflowers use their internal circadian clock, acting on growth hormones, to follow the sun during the day as they grow. Growing sunflowers begin the day with their heads facing east, swing west through the day, and turn back to the east at night.

Image credit: Chris Nicolini, UC Davis

 
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Interscatter communication enables first-ever implanted devices, smart contact lenses, credit cards that 'talk' Wi-Fi  

Full Text:

University of Washington researchers have introduced a new way of communicating that allows devices such as brain implants, contact lenses, credit cards and smaller wearable electronics to talk to everyday devices such as smartphones and watches. This new “interscatter communication” works by converting Bluetooth signals into Wi-Fi transmissions over the air. Using only reflections, an interscatter device such as a smart contact lens converts Bluetooth signals from a smartwatch, for example, into Wi-Fi transmissions that can be picked up by a smartphone.

Image credit: Mark Stone/University of Washington

 
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Water voles to be reintroduced to England's highest lake  

National Trust will release 100 of the endangered animals, not seen at Malham tarn in Yorkshire dales for 50 years

Britain's endangered water voles will reach new heights when they are returned to Yorkshire's Malham tarn for the first time in 50 years.

Around 100 water voles will be reintroduced on Friday to the National Trust estate in the Yorkshire dales, home to England's highest freshwater lake, in what the trust says is the highest-altitude reintroduction of the species it has carried out in Britain.

Related: England's water voles in desperate decline

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Culling 5,000 brumbies: 41 scientists back controversial Kosciuszko proposal  

Academics say plan to slash number of wild horses is needed to protect delicate Snowy Mountains environment

A plan to cull more than 5,000 brumbies in the Snowy Mountains has received the support of leading scientists from around Australia.

Forty-one scientists from 16 universities have written to the New South Wales premier, Mike Baird, to support the proposed cull of 90% of the brumby population in Kosciuszko national park.

Related: A time to cull? The battle over Australia's brumbies

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A Smell of Burning by Colin Grant review how people with epilepsy have been persecuted  
A powerful memoir of the author's brother tells the story of a condition whose sufferers were killed in the middle ages for communicating with the devil

Raphael's The Transfiguration is a depiction of epilepsy that pulls no punches: a lofted Christ soars on an illuminated cloud, while a boy with rolling eyes and flailing limbs is supported by his father. Raphael's painting is a reference to the Gospel of Mark, chapter nine, in which Jesus descends from transfiguration to cure a boy of the “foul spirit” causing his seizures. “Epilepsy” is a Greek word, meaning “to be seized upon”, and the illness has long been viewed as evidence of connection between human and spiritual realms. The earliest Greek medical writings by Hippocrates are half a millennium older than the gospels, and though they call epilepsy “the sacred disease” they offer a more humane portrait of the condition: “I do not believe that the ‘sacred disease' is any more divine or sacred than any other disease,” Hippocrates wrote. “Because it is completely different from other diseases, it has been regarded as a divine visitation by those who, being only human, view it with ignorance and astonishment.”

Grant's survey of the western history of epilepsy offers ample evidence of humanity's persecution of what it fears

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The Waiting Place  

ShutterJack posted a photo:

"Waiting for a train to go or a bus to come,
or a plane to go or the mail to come,
or the rain to go or the phone to ring,
or the snow to snow or waiting around for a Yes or No
or waiting for their hair to grow.

Everyone is just waiting.

Waiting for the fish to bite
or waiting for wind to fly a kite
or waiting around for Friday night

or waiting, perhaps, for their Uncle Jake
or a pot to boil, or a Better Break
or a string of pearls, or a pair of pants
or a wig with curls, or Another Chance.

Everyone is just waiting."

by Dr. Seuss

 
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Plugging Away Inside Massive SLS Fuel Tank: Welders Complete Final Plug Fusion Welds on SLS Liquid Hydrogen Tank  
Welders inside a large liquid hydrogen tank for NASA's Space Launch System at the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans are plugging holes left after the tank was assembled.  
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Supernova Ejected from the Pages of History  
A new look at the debris from an exploded star in our galaxy has astronomers re-examining when the supernova actually happened.  
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Sangu Delle Wants You to Invest in African Companies — and Get Rich  
Out with aid and in with investing. Will Delle's investments pay off?  
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Conjoined baby turtle saved by Italian marine biologists  

Survivor from twin endangered loggerheads is separated by scientists and freed in Mediterranean Sea

Marine biologists in southern Italy have separated conjoined twin loggerhead turtles and released the surviving newborn into the Mediterranean Sea.

The release occurred this week along the beaches of Campania where the endangered loggerheads nest every year.

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Quantum mechanics trumps nonlocal causality  
Action at a distance alone cannot explain quantum entanglement  
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25012016_Big Ben in the early morning  

Chicaco11 posted a photo:

Ai Nikkor 50mm f/1.4 with Panasonic DMC-GX7
January 25th, 2016
near Big Ben, London, UK

 
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Paleontologists discover major T. rex fossil  
Paleontologists have discovered a Tyrannosaurus rex, including a very complete skull. The find, which paleontologists estimate to be about 20 percent of the animal, includes vertebrae, ribs, hips and lower jaw bones.  
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Insecticide treatment of cattle to kill sand flies and combat leishmaniasis  
With an estimated 500,000 human infections and 50,000 deaths annually, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the second most prevalent parasitic killer, behind malaria. Leishmania parasites are transmitted through the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. A study makes the case that fighting the insects by treating cattle with the long-lasting insecticide, fipronil, could substantially reduce VL in areas where people and cattle live in close proximity.  
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Most island vertebrate extinctions could be averted, concludes new study  
Eight of every ten species extinctions has occurred on islands, and invasive mammals are the leading reason for those losses. Currently, 40 percent of species at risk of global extinction are island inhabitants. In the most thorough study of its kind, scientists have now analyzed global patterns of island vertebrate extinctions and developed predictive models to help identify places where conservation interventions will provide the greatest benefits to threatened island biodiversity.  
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The battle against aedes aegypti, the mosquito that spreads Zika  
The UC Mosquito Research Laboratory in Parlier is the epicenter of California research on the Aedes aegypti mosquito, a tiny, black and white mosquito that can spread the Zika virus.  
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Sulfoxaflor found to be less harmful to insect predators than broad-spectrum insecticides  
The selective insecticide sulfoxaflor is just as effective at controlling soybean aphids (Aphis glycines) as broad-spectrum insecticides, without causing significant harm to some beneficial predators of the aphid, say researchers.  
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r0B0t: Sorry, driverless cars are not in your near future  

It's time for some real talk about self-driving cars: they're not coming around any time soon. 

You won't find a bigger fan of the technology than me. I love robots, autonomy and artificial intelligence. I can still remember visiting Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, and standing a few feet away from the car that nearly won the DARPA Grand Challenge in 2004. 

But I'm also a realist — and despite recent promises by Uber and Ford, I know that self-driving cars are decades away from becoming a significant part of our lives.

You have to love Ford and its promise of a driverless car by 2021 — a mere five years from now. We're not just talking about an automobile that can drive itself, but one without steering wheel or floor pedals. This is what's known in the world of car autonomy as a Level 5. (Ford actually insists it's a 4, mostly because the car will sometimes follow a mapped out route. Let's agree to disagree and put it at 4.5). Read more...

More about Transportation, Self Driving Cars, Autonomous Vehicles, Driverless Cars, and Ford  
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'Green News Report' - August 18, 2016  
The Green News Report is also available via...





IN TODAY'S RADIO REPORT: Another massive new wildfire forces evacuations for 80,000 in Southern California; Obama Administration issues new rules for heavy duty trucks; New report finds eliminating fossil fuel subsidies won't raise gas prices; PLUS: America gets its first-ever offshore wind farm... All that and more in today's Green News Report!

Listen online here, or Download MP3 (6 mins)...

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Got comments, tips, love letters, hate mail? Drop us a line at GreenNews@BradBlog.com or right here at the comments link below. All GNRs are always archived at GreenNews.BradBlog.com.

IN 'GREEN NEWS EXTRA' (see links below): Beyond Coal: Imagining Appalachia's Future; Flooding Compounds Pain of Tragic Summer in Baton Rouge; Biomass Power Slumps as EPA, Industry Spar on Science; Climate Change and Housing: Will a Rising Tide Sink all Homes?; Oregon 50% RPS will barely raise customer rates thru 2028; Massachusetts court bars electric utilities from charging ratepayers for gas pipeline construction; The Steel Magnate Helping Trump Vilify Pollution Regulations... PLUS: Flooding in the South Looks a Lot Like Climate Change... and much, MUCH more! ...

'Green News Report' is heard on many fine radio stations around the country. For additional info on stories we covered today, plus today's 'Green News Extra', please click right here to listen!

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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In the Heart of Tanzania  

When one of my dearest friend's, Suzanne, asked me to join her, Lamel, Erin, and Chandler at The Legendary Lodge in Arusha, Tanzania a few nights before my son Colin and I were to begin our volunteer work in Monduli, I wasted no time calling American Express and re-booking our tickets so that we could meet her. From toddlers to teenagers, Prague to Tulum, Suzanne and I have logged in over twenty-five years of traveling the world together with our children. No matter where we are, we always have the very best experiences, bordering on exceptional serendipity. Our stay at The Legendary Lodge was no different.

There's something magical about being in Tanzania. You are at once surrounded by the exquisite natural beauty, the immense and breathtakingly beautiful African sky and in our case the impeccable attention to grace and elegance in a simplistic way, the perfect confluence between British chintz and African ethnic. That first night we all sat down to a delicious three-course dinner prepared with locally grown vegetables and did what we always do when we are all together - go around the table and ask one question that everyone has to answer.

Over the years these questions have ranged from what Superhero you would like to be to what would you do if you were President of the United States, but tonight the question was "What are you looking for in your visit to Africa?"

It was my son Colin's answer that caused everyone to pause. At just seventeen years old he is insightful and inquisitive and always gives thoughtful insight that reveal a wisdom much older than his chronological age. He said that he "didn't have any expectations and was open to seeing how the trip unfolded." Whether consciously or subconsciously, Colin was trusting in the Divine and letting the trip unfold.

Colin and his classmates Parker, Mackenzie, Andrew, and Sophie were the reason I was in Tanzania. They are all members of the IEFT Youth Board at the Cate School, a group founded by Parker in 2014 and have been raising money for the Orkeeswa Secondary School in the under-served Maasai community in Monduli in Northern Tanzania. I was there as one of the parent chaperones who later came to be known as Jeff and the Campfire Girls (Yvette, Ginger, Jennifer and myself).

Once we got to Monduli I asked Parker what motivated him to found a youth board to help Orkeeswa. This is what he told me:

"I first visited Orkeeswa Secondary School in 2010 with my family. At the end of our family's safari, we did a small service trip; in which we visited a woman's micro-lending group in Moshi and then went to Monduli to see Orkeeswa. The first time I visited Orkeeswa, there were four buildings, a little over sixty students, and a small teaching staff. Regardless of their limited resources or distance from town, the students had the biggest smiles, best energy, and the motivation and dedication to walk two hours each direction to get an education. Something that has stuck with me since my first visit was when my Mom asked a student how much homework they have a night. They told her it depends on how much sunlight they have when they get home. This put my life in perspective, it made me realize how fortunate I am to have the government to provide a "free" education until the end of high school. That I have light and electricity to do my homework after the sun goes down, and again how fortunate I am to be able to eat breakfast at home because Orkeeswa students leave their house at the crack of dawn to leave for school.

After leaving Orkeeswa, I knew I wanted to do something to help, so I asked my parents to host a cocktail party. Luckily they talked me out of it because a ten-year-old hosting a cocktail party might not be sending the right message. My sisters and I ended up throwing a family picnic and concert, but after the first one my older sister went off to high school, and my younger sister found new interests. The following year I organized the fundraiser by myself and with the help of my mom, but it wasn't as much fun. My Mom and I brainstormed to think how could I involve my friends and make working with Orkeeswa more fun, so in 2014 I founded the IEFT Youth Board. The idea was to include my friends and share my passion for IEFT."

And now six years after Parker's first visit he returned with his friends and their parents so we could all meet those students whose smiling, energetic and eager faces inspired him to create the IEFT Youth Board.

Without the Orkeeswa school, which was founded by Peter Luis in 2008, with a vision to create leadership in the community, there wouldn't be an opportunity for these students to receive free secondary education. The Tanzanian government only provides schooling through primary school leaving only ten percent of the population to receive secondary education. Orkeeswa promotes gender equality in co-educational learning settings. It's a holistic model of learning with a mission to "equip students with the skills to create positive change in their community." Because it's a non-profit the support of volunteers and fundraisers like Parker, Andrew, Colin, Mackenzie and Sophie is much needed.

What Parker didn't know when he founded the IEFT Youth Board was that the effects of his vision would do more than financially help the school. Because of his desire to help those less fortunate than himself, he blessed all of us with creating an experience that helped to improve our collective environmental health.

People immediately think clean air, water and food when I talk of environmental health, which is all true. But I've learned that a crucial element of environmental health is the company we keep, the experiences we share and the friendships that ensue.

It was my son Colin who once again summed it up best when he said that his biggest take-a-way from the trip was the relationships that grew out of it, the deepening of friendship with his classmates and the creation of new ones with the staff and students at Orkeeswa.

By following his lead that first night, being open to what unfolded and staying in the moment, I was reminded that it is not just the adventure of travel that enriches us, but our willingness to open up to others and share the unknown inside of us through collective experience, especially those that our children lead us to.

If you'd like to find out more about the Orekeeswa School and how you can help, I invite you to visit their website.

With love,
Happy (Gay) Browne

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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Brad Friedman and Desi Doyen: 'Green News Report' - August 18, 2016  
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IN TODAY'S RADIO REPORT: Another massive new wildfire forces evacuations for 80,000 in Southern Ca...

Read more: California, California Wildfires, Carbon Emissions, Climate Change, Climate Change Denial, Energy, Environment, Extreme Weather, Fossil Fuels, Global Warming, Global Warming Deniers, Green, Green News, Green News Report, Renewable Energy, Video, Wildfires, Wind Power, Wind Energy, Gas Mileage, Fuel Efficiency, Trucks, Epa, Barack Obama, Subsidies, Gas Prices, Brazil, Deforestation, Noaa, Green News

 
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Sunset in London  

rsgbot posted a photo:

 
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www.javierayala-photography.com posted a photo:

Model : Andrea Goncalves

© All rights reserved .
© Todos derechos reservados.
© Alle Rechte vorbehalten

London - England

 
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Legendary Barber Donnie stops to talk about the future during a tour of his Costa Mesa Barbershop by Justin Oberman  

Legendary Barber Donnie stops to talk about the future during a tour of his Costa Mesa Barbershop by Justin Oberman

Justin Oberman: Photos

 
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Wasted. by David B.  

Wasted. by David B.

David B.: Photos

 
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Pack and Go by boul3ez  

Pack and Go by boul3ez

A quick sunset stop at the Salt Flats on the Utah, Nevada border headed to Yosemite.

boul3ez: Photos

 
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breakfast by Katerina Morozova  

breakfast by Katerina Morozova

breakfast with coffee and toasts

Katerina Morozova: Photos

 
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nightscape by Piotr Nykowski  

nightscape by Piotr Nykowski

Piotr Nykowski: Photos

 
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Shadow Circus by Sebastian Wahlhuetter  

Shadow Circus by Sebastian Wahlhuetter

From the project Prayer Flags 10 athletes from the Vienna Slackliners on a highline in the Austrian mountains. Website Instagram Facebook

Sebastian Wahlhuetter: Photos

 
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The Man Behind 'The Last Bookstore'  

Josh Spencer is the owner and operator of The Last Bookstore in downtown Los Angeles. It's aptly named; after all, there have been widespread closures of bookstores across the country in favor of online purchases and e-readers. Chad Howitt's short film, Welcome to the Last Bookstore, is an emotional look at Spencer's journey towards opening the store and the heart behind its success. Years ago, he was in an accident that left him unable to walk and forced him to reexamine his life. “I've always been a writer and a reader, so I thought, ‘Well, I'll try books,'” he says. “It was busy from the first day we opened our doors.”

For more of Howitt's work, visit his website. He's currently working on a short film based on the poem "From 35,000 feet / Praise Aviophobia," by the American poet Geffrey Davis.

 
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r0B0t: We've only explored 0.0001 percent of the ocean, but that's about to change.  

Off the coast of Bermuda, tiny vessels are diving 1,000 feet to research something we know surprisingly little about: the ocean itself. Though the ocean makes up 95 percent of the planet's habitable area, we've explored 0.0001 percent of it.

Nekton, a U.K.-based NGO, launched its first mission in mid-July to finally give us an understanding of the deep sea, using tiny research pods that are reminiscent of goldfish bowls — bowls with robot arms that grab samples from corals and sponges. The Guardian reports that the mission has uncovered new species, large black coral forests, and fossilized beaches.

There's one thing we do know about the deep sea: We're already changing it. Higher temperatures and ocean acidification are starving the deep sea of oxygen and changing how food circulates. That's worrisome, because the deep ocean performs important functions: absorbing heat, regulating carbon, and terrifying us with alien-like creatures (Exhibit A: the blobfish).

Once the Nekton mission is complete, the pods will turn their grabby little arms to the Mediterranean Sea.

Until then, the goings-on of the deep sea remains one of life's greatest mysteries — like how life originated or where your socks disappeared to after that last load of laundry.

Filed under: Article, Business & Technology, Climate & Energy, News, Science

This story was originally published by Grist with the headline We've only explored 0.0001 percent of the ocean, but that's about to change. on August 18, 2016.

 
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r0B0t: A Museum Shaped Like A Giant's Heart  

Atlas Obscura on Slate is a blog about the world's hidden wonders. Like us on Facebook and Tumblr, or follow us on Twitter.

Standing in sharp contrast to the more traditional historic architecture of Graz, Austria, the Kunsthaus Graz art museum was designed to break out of the usual white box museum design and it ended up looking like a giant robot/demon heart from the future.

The modern museum was built in 2003 during the time when Graz served as the European Capital of Culture, a roving honor that is awarded to a different European city each year. Rather than install another bland box among the lovely, aging buildings of the city, the designers went in the completely opposite direction, giving the building a more rounded, organic look. It also manages to look completely otherworldly. The bulbous shape and the skylight shafts that protrude from the top of the structure make it look like a metallic monster heart.

The gleaming surface of the museum is also embedded with nearly 1,000 fluorescent rings that can be programmed to create patterns, making the building even more spectacular and strange at night. Much of the structure's power is absorbed by solar panels on the gleaming roof of the building, so it is almost as though it is gaining energy like an actual living being.

While the museum definitely stands out among the rest of Graz's uniformly historic buildings, it is now a beloved landmark of the city, and well worth a visit whether you are a fan of art or just looking to see what a giant's silver heart would look like.  

If you liked this, you'll probably enjoy Atlas Obscura's new book, which collects more than 700 of the world's strangest and most amazing places: Atlas Obscura: An Explorer's Guide to the World's Hidden Wonders.

 
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Big Ben Sunset  

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Moonrise Day 2 of the Full Moon 18 Aug 2016  

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Westbourne Green Park 170716  

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Harrow Road, London, United Kingdom

 
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Sunset 18 Aug 2016  

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Ilona moored at Canary Wharf - over processed.  

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Sunset from Norwood Grove (next door to Streatham Common) ? The sunsets have been really pretty lately! ☺❤  

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Fort Jefferson in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida (© Miami2you/Shutterstock) 2016-08-18 [www.bing.com/search]  
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A red pincushion bloom at Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape Town, South Africa (© Mint Images/Frans Lanting) 2016-08-17 [www.bing.com/search]  
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Soldier beetle (Paci  

Soldier beetle (Pacificanthia curtisi) collected in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada, and photographed at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (sample ID: BIOUG08774-C04; specimen record: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=SSJAF2698-13; BIN: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_BarcodeCluster?clusteruri=BOLD:ACB2253)

 
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Lauxaniid fly (Poeci  

Lauxaniid fly (Poecilolycia sp.) collected in Forillon National Park, Quebec, Canada, and photographed at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (sample ID: BIOUG10474-E01; specimen record: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=CNFNF1576-14; BIN: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_BarcodeCluster?clusteruri=BOLD:ABY5354)

 
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http://thenextweb.com/insider/2016/08/18/microsoft-thinks-its-time-mac-users-ditch-evernote-for-onenote/  
Microsoft thinks its time Mac users ditch Evernote for OneNote  

It seems Microsoft doesn't like Evernote. That's okay, I don't either. It doesn't matter what your reasoning. Whether it's the constant state of flux in the upper levels of management, the bloated and not-at-all reliable interface or the fact that the price just went up to $69.99 per year for premium users (up from $50) — Microsoft wants you to switch to OneNote. It's not the first time Microsoft targeted disgruntled Evernote users, either. In March, the company unveiled its importer tool for Windows, aimed squarely at those looking for an Evernote alternative. Now, the importer is coming to Mac. That's…

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Facebook open-sources its AI-building research so you'll stop building shitty bots  

Facebook wants to show you how the sausage is made. Facebook is open-sourcing its AI bot-building research. Part of its Facebook AI Research (FAIR) lab's mission, the plan is to provide better access to researchers and engineers to they, in turn, can build better bots. The code library, called ‘fastText' is now available on Github and according to Facebook, only requires a compiler with “good C++11 support.” The appeal of fastText is in the speed  and efficiency at which you can train your bot. FAIR claims you can train models “on more than 1 billion words in less than 10 minutes…

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World's largest aircraft just completed a 20 minute test flight  

The hybrid plane/blimp/helicopter known as Airlander 10 spent 20 minutes in the air today after months of preparation. The airship, originally intended for the US military, lost its funding in 2013 due to defense spending cuts. Since, Hybrid Air Vehicles raised over $4.4 million through two crowdfunding campaigns in addition to grants from the European Union and UK government. Unusual shape aside, the Airlander 10 has a significantly lower carbon footprint than commercial airliners. The 300-foot long aircraft is also about 50 feet longer than the world's biggest passenger planes and features four engines and no internal structure to speak…

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GOAT legs could keep robots upright over rough terrain  

Most of the robots in existence are clumsy buffoons. Case in point: As advanced as our robots have become, they're mostly still lacking the very human ability to avoid falls by making seemingly negligible changes to speed, center of balance and range of motion. In short, it's not the sort of thing you'd fear in a robot apocalypse. It's hard to fear a robot that can't walk over uneven terrain or slippery surfaces, after all. Carnegie Mellon University student Simon Kalouche has other ideas. Kalouche's leg is designed for maximum range of motion and easy force reduction. In other words, it can…

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Disney just filed a patent for real lightsabers (sorta)  

In the coming years, Disney is planning 14-acre tracts in both California and Florida to house its new Star Wars area. If that's enough to get you stoked to visit a Disney theme park, wait 'til you find out about the lightsabers. According to a patent application, Disney Enterprises filed for something called an “Audience Interaction Projection System” that enables fans to deflect laser beams in real time using a rather complex thingamajig that resembles a lightsaber. According to the application: An entertainment environment has a user with a faux light saber that interacts with a drone flying through the air…

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These 11 Photobooks Will Transport You  
 
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Space Lectures on Tw  
Space Lectures on Twitter: "Poems: A Tribute To Apollo t.co/kombtxCSwP @Robit33 via @Space_Lectures t.co/l7GLFb3eXM";  
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pedro coelho's alcoholics anonymous resume details faceless portraits  

the campaign features a series of faceless figures, shaded in dark depressive colors which are accompanied by a short resume.

The post pedro coelho's alcoholics anonymous resume details faceless portraits appeared first on designboom | architecture & design magazine.

 
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dress code celebrates los angeles' oldest lift operator in ruben's elevator  

the short film honers seventy-five year old ruben pardo - the oldest manual elevator operator in LA.

The post dress code celebrates los angeles' oldest lift operator in ruben's elevator appeared first on designboom | architecture & design magazine.

 
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mu-th-ur: Nicolás...  

mu-th-ur:

Nicolás Lamas
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The longest call  

europeanspaceagency posted a photo:

Operations image of the week:

On 10 August 2016, ESA's tracking station at New Norcia, Western Australia, hosting a 35 m-diameter, 630-tonne deep-space antenna, received signals transmitted by NASA's Cassini orbiter at Saturn, through 1.44 billion km of space.

“This was the farthest-ever reception for an ESA station, and the radio signals travelling at the speed of light took 80 minutes to cover this vast distance,” says Daniel Firre, responsible for supporting Cassini radio science at ESOC, ESA's operations centre in Darmstadt, Germany.

The signal reception was part of a series of tests to prepare several ESA stations to support Cassini's radio science investigations, planned to begin later in 2016.

This image shows New Norcia station as seen in 2014 by Dylan O'Donnell, an amateur photographer based in Byron Bay, Australia (the blob of light apparently hovering above the antenna is a light artefact, ‘lens flare').

Credit: ESA/D. O'Donnell

 
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Nearby Venus-Like Exoplanet --"Oxygen, But Not Necessarily Life"  
 
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China's Scientists Propose the Human 'Quantum Brain' --"The Source of Our Dominance on the Planet: More Complex Than a Galaxy"  
 
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Astronomers capture a nova - a brilliant moment in the life cycle of a star  

Images reveal a classical nova: a key instant in a cycle of events than can last thousands to millions of years

Astronomers have monitored a nova a sudden eruption of brightness in an anonymous star 23,000 light years away, and used their observations to add weight to a theory of heavenly happenings.

The nova, a white dwarf in a star system known only as V1213 Cen, in the southern sky in the direction of the constellation Centaurus, would have been visible only to observers with binoculars. It suddenly shone brightly and then dimmed in May 2009.

Continue reading...  
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NASA's BARREL Mission in Sweden  

NASA Goddard Photo and Video posted a photo:

Prior to launch, the BARREL team works on the payload from the launch pad at Esrange Space Center near Kiruna, Sweden.

The BARREL team is at Esrange Space Center launching a series of six scientific payloads on miniature scientific balloons. The NASA-funded BARREL which stands for Balloon Array for Radiation-belt Relativistic Electron Losses primarily measures X-rays in Earth's atmosphere near the North and South Poles. These X-rays are produced by electrons raining down into the atmosphere from two giant swaths of radiation that surround Earth, called the Van Allen belts. Learning about the radiation near Earth helps us to better protect our satellites.

Several of the BARREL balloons also carry instruments built by undergraduate students to measure the total electron content of Earth's ionosphere, as well as the low-frequency electromagnetic waves that help to scatter electrons into Earth's atmosphere. Though about 90 feet in diameter, the BARREL balloons are much smaller than standard football stadium-sized scientific balloons.

This is the fourth campaign for the BARREL mission. BARREL is led by Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire. The undergraduate student instrument team is led by the University of Houston and funded by the Undergraduate Student Instrument Project out of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. For more information on NASA's scientific balloon program, visit: www.nasa.gov/scientificballoons.

Image credit: NASA/Dartmouth/Robyn Millan

NASA image use policy.

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA's mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA's accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency's mission.

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Fear of Rattlesnake Island  
The state of Massachusetts has proposed to introduce a small colony of Timber Rattlesnakes to an island in the Quabbin Reservoir, to the vehement outrage of many local residents. “If we only conserve the cute and the cuddly,” said Lou Perrotti, who is supervising the breeding of Timber Rattlesnakes, “we're going to have forests full of butterflies and bunny rabbits, and they're going to be very nonfunctioning ecosystems that would eventually collapse.”  
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http://99u.com/videos/54253/yuko-shimizu-money-or-control-pick-one/  
Yuko Shimizu: Money or Control Pick One.  

As creatives, we're often put to the test of making tough decisions and sacrifices for our work. However, according to Yuko Shimizu, our biggest decision needs to happen at the beginning of our career asking ourselves: “What kind of artist do [we] want to be?” and having a clear picture of what that looks like.

In this talk, Shimizu distills insights from her own personal story of being fired just days before her 99U appearance, gives advice on learning to say no, her thoughts on personal work, and tying it all back to the reality that while we might not win every job or shine on every project, sometimes we can recommend someone who will.

Yuko Shimizu is an award-winning Japanese illustrator based in New York. Her work has appeared on the pages of the New York Times, TIME, and Newsweek, on the covers of DC Comics, Penguin, Abrams and Random House books, on the Gap and Nike T-shirts, and on Pepsi cans.

Her monograph Living with Yuko Shimizu will be published this spring. A Wild Swan, her collaboration with Pulitzer-winning author Michael Cunningham, came out in 2015. She was chosen as Newsweek Japan's “100 Japanese People World Respects” in 2009.

@yukoart

 
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Skeptical About Climate Deniers  
Few concepts are more poorly understood or more abused than skepticism. The best example of this abuse is to attribute the moniker of "climate change skeptic" to those who ignore the overwhelming data concerning global warming.

The shortest definition of skepticism is "an attitude of doubting the truth about a claim or statement." Something a bit more meaningful would be "suspending judgment and applying systematic reservation about a claim or statement."

So why can't we rightfully call a denier a skeptic since he doubts or has reservations about the truth about climate change claims, which would at first glance meet the definition of skepticism? We shall see.

Michael Shermer, Executive Director of the Skeptics Society, has rightfully noted that "skepticism is not a position, it is a process." It is the application of critical thinking to evaluate the validity of an assertion. Saying that "I am a skeptic" has little meaning because that is a stance; more meaningful is a statement like, "I am open to accepting a claim if presented with sufficiently convincing evidence."

What we are talking about here, even though everybody uses the term skepticism, is actually "ordinary incredulity." We are not including here what is technically "philosophical doubt" -- a more formal version of skepticism, an intellectual exercise to deny the validity of an entire class of claims by positing that certain knowledge is not attainable even in theory. Yeah, I know, that is a little opaque. But we really do need to understand the distinction between ordinary incredulity and philosophical skepticism before we can nail down why deniers are not in fact skeptics. The best way I've come across is a review of the Truman Show and the Matrix as put forth in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Truman is placed, without his knowledge, in a contrived environment so that his "life" can be broadcast on television. Truman comes across clues that something is wrong. In The Matrix, where everything is running as programmed by the machines, there is no possible way for the "people" in the matrix to determine that the world as experienced is only a "dream world" and not the real world (the world of causes and effects). The Truman Show is a depiction of a case of ordinary incredulity because there is some evidence that is, in principle, available to Truman for determining what's really the case; whereas The Matrix depicts a situation similar to that imagined by a typical philosophical skeptic in which it is not possible for the Matrix-bound characters to obtain evidence for determining that things are not as they seem (whenever the virtual reality is perfectly created). Put another way, the philosophical skeptic challenges our ordinary assumption that there is evidence available that can help us to discriminate between the real world and some counterfeit world that appears in all ways to be identical to the real world.

So from that we conclude that ordinary incredulity (what people typically call skepticism) arises when in principle doubt can be removed by discovering the truth of some claim or statement.

And here is precisely why climate change deniers do not have the high privilege of being called skeptics. No amount of data, no convincing evidence, and no degree of proof would ever convince a denier that climate change is real. Even in principle a denier's doubt cannot be removed because a denier is relying on faith rather than evidence to support his position. If doubt cannot be removed with new knowledge or advances in understanding, then that is not skepticism - it is just a form of religion.

Cynicism Is Not Skepticism

Offering a skeptical perspective is not cynical; in fact quite the opposite is true. Cynics doubt and mistrust not on the weight of evidence or lack thereof but on suspicions of underlying motivation. Cynicism can lead to the rejection of a claim but not to new discoveries, unlike skepticism which can lead to both.

Provisional disbelief is often mistaken as cynicism; the two are not equivalent. It is perfectly reasonable to start out unconvinced that humans are causing our climate to change. But that shifts to cynicism and faith-based opposition with the inability to modify that position in the presence of overwhelming evidence. What matters, independent of one's starting hypothesis, is the willingness to draw conclusions when a claim is confirmed "to such an extent that it would be reasonable to offer temporary agreement."

Skepticism is fully embedded in the scientific method: the application of systematic observation, reproducible measurements, and experimentation in order to gain new knowledge about and a deeper understanding of our physical and biological world. The entire reason for applying systematic observation is that we are open to but remain skeptical of any claim's validity until observation, reproducible measurements and experimental confirm or reject the claim.

Climate change denial is a form of cynicism and as such is the antithesis of skepticism; it is the closed-minded pre-determined rejection of any and all data that might validate the claim that our climate is changing, and the blind credulous acceptance of any unsubstantiated assertions that support the denial. Here is the bottom line difference between a denier and someone currently convinced the climate is changing: if presented with convincing contrary evidence that demonstrates the earth's climate is not warming, or is changing by natural cyclical variation alone, one who temporarily accepted that the earth is warming because of human activity would modify his conclusion based on this new knowledge. In contrast, no mountain of data demonstrating that humans are causing a changing climate would cause a denier to modify his conclusion. Skepticism demands an open mind and allows for and encourages the advancement of knowledge by seeking explanations of phenomena anchored in the natural world; faith-based denial is immune to modification.

A denier may come back and say that in fact those who claim the climate is changing are the ones with closed minds since they openly reject what deniers believe. But no, that is false equivalency; deniers could indeed make headway if they could present convincing data but the inverse is not true.

Open Mind, Gullibility and Conviction

We must not confuse an open mind with gullibility. A mind open to change in the face of convincing data is not equivalent to credulous acceptance of a claim absent of evidence. Nor can we confuse an open mind with lack of conviction. Climate change experts are secure in their conclusions based on overwhelming evidence across multiple disciplines, confirmed independently by thousands of scientists in hundreds of countries. They have no less an open mind because they are firm in their conclusion. With overwhelming evidence in hand the threshold for modifying one's temporary acceptance becomes ever higher. The threshold for change is elevated on the basis of accumulating evidence, not faith. We can confidently conclude, without being accused of being closed minded, that atoms are a building block of nature, that DNA contains the genetic code, and that the earth orbits the sun. Being highly confident about these statements is justified by incredibly precise measurements, reproducible observations and extraordinarily refined experimentation performed by tens thousands of scientists over decades or centuries. Yes it would be possible to overturn these conclusions with sufficiently convincing contrary data, but given the history leading to our understanding of these aspects of the natural world, that is not likely to happen. That does not make us closed-minded; it makes us firm in our convictions but open to being convinced otherwise by overwhelming data. Climate change deniers in contrast can never be otherwise convinced.

Deep Irony

Climate change deniers bring to the debate a deep irony and terrible hypocrisy that add another disturbing element beyond the important difference between cynicism and skepticism. We know that deniers demand more proof that the climate is warming even in the face of a growing body of accumulating evidence. We know too that while they demand such proof no quantity of date would ever be sufficient because the denial is not based in skepticism but in cynicism and faith. And yet. And yet this same demand for proof is conspicuously and gloriously absent when the question turns to patently false claims about fat-burning foods or a host of bogus promises relating to diet and nutrition, or the link between autism and vaccines, or the economic viability of nuclear power, or clean coal, or alien landings, or the Bermuda Triangle, or virtually anything that is not climate change. Only with climate change is such proof demanded; meaning we have the circumstance in which deniers reject a conclusion for which we have overwhelming evidence but accept wild claims for which there is none. Some significant number of Republicans, even if not a majority as sometimes reported, believes that Obama is a Muslim; where is the demand for proof? Such is the dangerous brew of faith stirred with cynicism in the absence of reasonable credulity.

There are no climate change skeptics; only faith-based climate change cynics.

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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Device_Montage_1

 
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MyHome home automati  

MyHome home automation system on iPad and Android tablet

 
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Polish poster for LOVE STORY (Arthur Hiller, USA, 1970)Designer:...  

Polish poster for LOVE STORY (Arthur Hiller, USA, 1970)

Designer: Jakub Erol

Poster source: Heritage Auctions

R.I.P. Arthur Hiller (1923-2016)

 
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http://insider.si.edu/2016/08/venus-like-exoplanet-might-oxygen-atmosphere-not-life/  
Venus-like Exoplanet Might Have Oxygen Atmosphere, But Not Life  

The post Venus-like Exoplanet Might Have Oxygen Atmosphere, But Not Life appeared first on Smithsonian Insider.

 
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http://insider.si.edu/2016/08/birds-really-matter-2/  
Why Birds Really Matter  

Catherine McKenna, Canada's Minister of the Environment and Climate Change, talks about the importance of bird conservation and why birds really matter.

Step outside your house in the morning and one of the first things you will hear or see is a bird. They are such a ubiquitous part of our lives that most of the time we don't even notice them. Yet the truth is that their numbers are declining. According to the State of North America's Bird Report 2016, more than one-third of North American bird species are at risk of extinction without significant conservation action.

The issue of conservations is not, in fact, for the birds. This week the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center is hosting the largest-ever North American Ornithological Conference, which brings together thousands of ornithological professionals to address the question of bird conservation.

Birds are indicators of environmental health. They are the canary in the coalmine (pun intended) that let us know when something is not right in our ecosystem.

In the following clips, avid birder President Jimmy Carter, U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell, Canada's Minister of the Environment and Climate Change Catherine McKenna, and 9 year-old bird enthusiast Keith Gagnon, talk about the importance of bird conservation and why birds really matter.

The post Why Birds Really Matter appeared first on Smithsonian Insider.

 
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Soviet poster for AT WAR AS AT WAR (Viktor Tregubovich, USSR,...  

Soviet poster for AT WAR AS AT WAR (Viktor Tregubovich, USSR, 1969)

Designer: Ostrovski

Poster source: Posteritati

 
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http://borrachas.tumblr.com/post/149137932319  
IT'S ALMOST THERE  

Hey!!

hum… today i posted the 356 gif… it's been almost a year, and the 365th gif is almost here…

Still not sure if i should keep going after reaching this goal… its been the whole thing, a year of gifs…

 
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356

 
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Eighty three - Logo animation [gif]  
 
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http://www.notimpossiblenow.com/the-latest/virtual-reality  
How Virtual Reality Is Used to Explore Empathy at Stanford, With Reflections from VHIL Director Jeremy Bailenson  
By Julia TraversVirtual Reality (VR) may bring to mind advanced gaming possibilities and simulated, entertaining, sensory experiences. The team at Stanford University's Virtual Human Interaction Lab (VHIL) is using VR in an innovative way: to teach and explore human empathy. They create immersive ...

Continue reading

 
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How we escaped the Big Bang: New theory on moving through time  
A physicist is challenging the conventional view of space and time to show how the world advances through time. In her new research, she argues that T violation, or a violation of time reversal (T) symmetry, is forcing the universe and us in it, into the future.  
astronomy  

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Bridging a Gap between Scientists and the Public  
By Travis J. Bernardo, Ph.D.

What do the following stories have in common?

• 
  
• According to the Centers for Disease Control, endemic measles was  eradicated from the U.S. in the year 2000, the result of decades of vaccination efforts. But the last few years have seen a dramatic spike in the number of nationwide measles outbreaks, attributed in part to rising public fears over vaccination use.
• 
  

• 
  
• The National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation together receive just under $40 billion in funding annually, less than 1 percent of a federal budget dominated by transfer payment programs, health insurance spending and military expenditures. Yet medical research projects, often  misunderstood as wasteful spending, are routinely placed under the  political microscope as a prime target for cuts.
• 
  

• 
  
• Precise genome editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system offers the potential to revolutionize scientific research and medicine. The prospect of directly modifying the human genome certainly has ethical implications, which are being openly debated by scientists. But any future groundbreaking therapeutics based on genome editing face strong headwinds due to substantial public opposition.
• 
  

If the answer isn't clear to you, let me suggest the following: they highlight a significant perception gap between scientists and the public when it comes to important medical advances. Indeed, on a whole host of policy issues, the public simply sees things differently from the way scientists do.


An Obligation and an Opportunity
What is the appropriate response to this gap in perception? For those of us steeped in science and medicine, it's easy to forget that not everyone has the rich knowledge of subject matter and rigorous critical thinking skills ingrained in us by our training.

And perhaps it's just as easy to keep our noses to the grindstone, move our own research forward and survey the public mood with a sense of detachment.

But it is our responsibility to explain to the public why our work is valuable and deserves support. We are the ones who understand the depth and complexity of modern science. We have the ability to translate that information to nonscientists. And while it may sound like a burdensome obligation, it's really an opportunity, not only for personal growth but for securing the future of scientific progress. After all, it is the public and its elected representatives who ultimately determine the fate of funding for basic medical research.

What Can You Do?
Fortunately, there are many opportunities for scientists to engage the public and bridge the perception gap. Here are just a few ideas.


Blog your heart out. Is there a scientific issue near to your heart that doesn't receive enough attention? If you want to add your two cents to the national conversation, start a blog. With many free platforms to choose from, getting going is easy. While your audience will start out small, with a little persistence you may find your message catching on. You can also offer articles to established blogs that have a preexisting readership. For instance, I was invited to write this post by the editors of The Doctor's Tablet after they saw an earlier post I wrote for the ASCB Compass blog.

Edit a Wikipedia page. Wikipedia is one of the most frequented sites on the Web. It is openly editable, relying on contributors to maintain quality. Many pages on scientific topics, however, still lack sourcing or do not meet Wikipedia quality standards, which may lead to incomplete or erroneous content. Given its reputation as the "first place to go" for many laypeople seeking scientific knowledge, consider editing pages  in your area of expertise. This small, but significant, contribution can help eliminate the spread of misinformation online.

Practice communicating in a low-stakes environment. Communicating science effectively often means talking in public. If you have a shy streak or feel your public-speaking skills need honing, practice in a risk-free setting. Einstein, for instance, hosts a local Toastmasters chapter where members deliver impromptu speeches and receive constructive feedback from peers.

Poster presentations and conference talks are also good opportunities to practice, and will train you to communicate science to different target audiences. Even consider giving an elevator pitch about your research to family members and friends who aren't scientists.

Advocate for science. If you're comfortable in public forums, consider becoming a science advocate. Here, you'll have the chance to communicate directly with holders of the public purse strings. Advocacy includes a range of activities, such as writing to your local representatives, starting a social media campaign or participating in a Congressional Visits Day, during which you will speak directly to members of Congress or their staffers.

Recently an Einstein Science Policy Group has been formed to promote advocacy efforts on campus. You may want to look at starting such a group at your institution. Examples across the country can be found at the website of the National Science Policy Group, and a beginner's guide to getting started locally was recently published in Molecular Biology of the Cell.

Consider a career in communication. For graduate students and postdocs, finding a job that aligns with your interests and values is an important goal. If you're truly passionate about communicating about science, you might consider making a career out of it. Science communication is a diverse field, encompassing journalism, educational animation and everything in between.

There are many opportunities out there for scientists to bridge the divide with the public. It is up to us to step up and lay the planks.

Dr. Bernardo is a postdoctoral research fellow in the laboratory of Arthur I. Skoultchi, Ph.D., in the cell biology department at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He is also an associate member of the Einstein BETTR-IRACDA program. Dr. Bernardo writes online about issues related to science policy, education, and communication.

***

This post was originally featured on The Doctor's Tablet, the blog of Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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Gold Stocks Cognitive Dissonance & Denial - The Market Oracle  

The Market Oracle

Gold Stocks Cognitive Dissonance & Denial The Market Oracle Obviously if your NOT in denial, you know this cannot end well, no matter how much the so-called "Monetary Authorities" keep queering up the money supply, digitally, or thru debt issuance or otherwise. The question popped up " Is there an edict that ...

 
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r0B0t: Trump could become Mr. Brexit  

Early Thursday morning, Republican candidate for president Donald Trump wrote a cryptic tweet. 

It read, "They will soon be calling me MR. BREXIT!"

Almost immediately, the title began trending on Twitter and jokes flooded social media, each more confused than the last. But, there is a method to this that's one example of Twitter madness.

Trump is most definitely referring to the United Kingdom's June vote to leave the European Union, and most probably how the results surprised many because polls leading up to the referendum indicated the opposite result.

Clearly, unless he really has gotten into Mr. Robot, Trump sees himself in the same position as the UK residents who wanted to keep their country out of international economic affairs. Read more...

More about 2016 Election, Brexit, Mr. Brexit, Donald Trump, and World  
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r0B0t: The robots of war: AI and the future of combat - Engadget  

The robots of war: AI and the future of combat Engadget The 1983 film WarGames portrayed a young hacker tapping into NORAD's artificial-intelligence-driven nuclear weapons' system. When the hit movie was screened for President Reagan, it prompted the commander in chief to ask if it were possible for the ...

 
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r0B0t: Sex doll makers "putting finishing touches" to artificial intelligence app so they can love you back - Mirror.co.uk  

Mirror.co.uk

Sex doll makers "putting finishing touches" to artificial intelligence app so they can love you back Mirror.co.uk Matt McMullen, CEO of RealDoll, revealed the next step in making the high-end sex toys will be to give them AI to replicate humans more closely than ever. "We are building an AI system which can either be connected to a robotic doll OR experienced in a ... and more »

 
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Photos of the Day: Aug. 18, 2016  

Explore the news of the day with these images from around the world.  
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Sunset from London Bridge  

ekrubmj posted a photo:

 
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Whales Win Yet Again on Sonar: Why Do the Navy and NMFS Refuse to Get It Right?  
On social issues, the military has often seemed the last to know. Ending racial discrimination took decades. Outlawing discrimination based on sexual preference took just as long. This year, the role of women in combat is finally being recognized. In every case, the military's rationale for resisting change has been that military readiness would inevitably be compromised.

But significant progress has been made in recent years on all of these issues without adverse impact on our preparedness. By contrast, progress has been frustratingly elusive in persuading the U.S. Navy to care about the health of our oceans. After over two decades of adverse federal court orders - and over five decades since the "Save the Whales" movement focused widespread public attention on the plight of these magnificent animals - the Navy continues to resist the common sense proposition that needless infliction of harm to whales and other marine life in training with extraordinarily loud, high intensity sonar and heavy explosives is neither reasonable nor legal.

But as two recent court decisions make clear - issued in different cases by different courts -- the Navy's intransigence is based on more than its concern for national security. In fact, much of the blame lies with the government regulatory agency whose mandate it is to protect our oceans. It lies with the failure of the National Marine Fisheries Service to do its job.



For over 40 years, under the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the Fisheries Service has been entrusted by Congress with lead responsibility for the protection of whales and other marine mammals from harassment, injury, and death. By law, the agency carries out this responsibility through permitting authority over a host of federal agency activities - including those of the U.S. Navy -- that may result in "take" of marine mammals. Among other requirements, Fisheries must deny a requested permit - even to the U.S. Navy - if the consequences of the proposed activity have not been reduced to "the least practicable adverse impact."

This statutory requirement is explicit. Court decisions interpreting it are unequivocal. And yet the Fisheries Service continues to violate it.

Just last month, for example, in a unanimous decision, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit cited this requirement in holding that Fisheries had illegally issued a permit to the Navy for global deployment of its high-intensity long-range low frequency active sonar system - a submarine detection technology capable of ensonifying vast expanses of the world's oceans with dangerous levels of sound. Twice found to have acted illegally in issuing similar permits in 2002 and 2007, the Fisheries Service nevertheless permitted the system again in 2012, this time ignoring safeguards recommended by its own scientists despite, in the court's words, the resulting "systematic underprotection of marine mammals." The agency gave "mere lip service" to the legal standard and made "a policy choice not to protect areas . . . composing most of the world's oceans," leaving "a meaningful proportion of the world's marine mammal habitat underprotected."



How did the Fisheries Service respond? Just this week, in astonishing disregard of the court of appeals' decision, the agency issued the Navy a Letter of Authorization to continue operating under the illegally-issued permit -- as if the court's adverse decision and the agency's own responsibility to protect marine mammals are irrelevant in the face of the Navy's request to continue business as usual.

Last year, in even harsher terms, the federal court in Hawaii rejected the issuance of a permit for Navy testing and training with deadly mid-range sonar in the marine mammal-rich coastal waters of Hawaii and southern California. Once again citing the "least practicable adverse impact" standard, Judge Susan Oki Mollway criticized the Fisheries Service for merely "parrot[ing] what the Navy says" and failing to "articulate a rational basis" for accepting it, "treat[ing] the standard as if it requires no effort at all." For the Navy's part, rubber-stamped by the Fisheries Service, Judge Mollway found a "total failure to clearly consider important information" and "flaws so fundamental that the [environmental planning] document needs to be totally rewritten." The court concluded that "the Navy's categorical and sweeping statements, which allow for no compromise at all as to space, time, species, or condition, do not constitute the 'hard look' required" by federal law.

In neither case was national security at risk, contrary to the Navy's claim. In fact, the court of appeals explicitly recognized that "the mitigation measures the MMPA requires do not infringe on the Navy's capacity to defend the United States during wartime or heightened threats to national security."

The essential failing in both cases -- and indeed in virtually every case in which NRDC has challenged the Navy's training with high intensity sonar and heavy explosives over the past two decades - has been the refusal of the Fisheries Service to regulate. Rather than exercising the oversight required by law, the Service has chosen in effect to join the Navy's team, acquiescing in the omission of common sense safeguards recommended even by its own scientific experts. However understandable this capitulation might be in the face of the Navy's unique political and fiscal influence, it is precisely this kind of "regulatory capture" that has undermined the integrity of our environmental laws and the recovery of whales and other depleted marine species.



This needs to change. Last June, at the urging of NRDC and others, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration - the parent agency of the Fisheries Service - released for public comment an "Ocean Noise Strategy" intended to expand and strengthen federal management of man-made noise sources in the oceans, including military sonar. An important step, the efficacy of this plan will depend on implementation and funding, neither of which has thus far been addressed by the agency.

But it will also depend on whether, in permitting significant noise-generating activities of the Navy and others, the Fisheries Service is prepared to step up to its regulatory responsibility under the Marine Mammal Protection Act - not as a "captured" member of the permit applicant's team but as a strong and honest enforcer of federal protections. Serial litigation over decades - however successful it may be in targeting the agency's failures on an individual permit - is ultimately an imperfect and unsustainable approach to protecting the long-term health of our oceans.

Unfortunately, although we depend on the Fisheries Service to get it right, its latest authorization to the Navy just this week, in the wake of the latest rebuke by the federal courts, is a telling indication that it won't.

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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The Climate Post:Americans View of Climate Change Polarized; U.N. Targets May Be Tough to Achieve  
Surveys conducted by Yale University and George Mason University suggest that 17 percent of Americans view climate change as an alarming threat and that another 28 percent are concerned about climate change but view it as a distant threat.

The subject has become highly contentious since 1997, when then Vice President Gore helped broker an international treaty, the Kyoto Protocol, to reduce heat-trapping gases from the burning of coal, oil and gas. The U.S. later withdrew from the treaty.

"And at that moment the two parties began to divide," said Anthony Leiserowitz, director of the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, who was involved in the surveys. "They begin to split and go farther and farther and farther apart until we reach today's environment where climate change is now one of the most polarized issues in America."

Climate change will again be in the spotlight as a group of climate scientists gather in Switzerland to discuss a United Nation's report expected to detail the impacts of 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming. In Paris last year, some 190 countries pledged to hold the global average temperature increase to "well below" 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit that increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. But there are scientific questions not only about the costs and benefits of keeping warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but also about how to remain on a 1.5 C pathway. The Huffington Post shows what the Paris Climate Agreement is up against in a series of charts.

What we do know is this decade is the critical decade for action.

"The risks of future climate change--to our economy, society and environment--are serious, and grow rapidly with each degree of further temperature rise," the Australian government's Climate Commission wrote in a report. "Minimising these risks requires rapid, deep and ongoing reductions to global greenhouse gas emissions. We must begin now if we are to decarbonize our economy and move to clean energy sources by 2050. This decade is the critical decade."

And the Host City of the Summer 2084 Games Is . . .

A study published in The Lancet says that only three North American cities--San Francisco, Calgary, Vancouver--will have a climate sufficiently cool and stable to host the Summer Olympic games in 70 years. The authors, who considered only cities in the northern hemisphere, where 90 percent of the world's population lives, and only those with a population greater than 600,000 in 2012, the lower limit of host cities since World War II, said that climate change would make most of the 645 cities unsafe venues due to rising temperatures and humidity caused by climate change.

"You could take a risk, and plan your Olympics, and maybe not get the hot days you expect, but that would be a big risk when there are many billions of dollars at stake," said Kirk Smith, a researcher at the University of California-Berkeley's School of Public Health and the lead author of the study.

To measure the suitability of future Olympics sites, the researchers used climate change projections and a "wetbulb" globe temperature--a measurement reflecting the combination of humidity, heat radiation, temperature, and wind. They picked 2085 as a target date and as their target event what they considered the Olympics' most physically challenging outdoor endurance event: the marathon. They selected 82.5 degrees Fahrenheit as the "high-risk" temperature for marathoners.

"The findings indicate that by 2085, Istanbul, Madrid, Rome, Paris and Budapest--all cities that are or were in contention for either the 2020 or 2024 Summer Olympics--would be unfit to host the games," the authors said. "Tokyo, the city that has secured the 2020 summer Olympiad, would also be too hot to ensure athlete safety, should these projections come to pass."

Which cities would be viable hosts? None in Latin America or Africa, 25 in western Europe, 5 in eastern Europe and Asia, and 3 in North America.

"If the world's most elite athletes need to be protected from climate change, what about the rest of us?" the study concludes.

One of the most startling implications of the research is that temperatures will be too high for laboring outdoors, where half the world's population works.

Truck Emissions Limits Set

New emissions requirements affecting heavy- and medium-duty vehicles, which represent only about 5 percent of total highway traffic but account for 20 percent of transportation-related fuel consumption and carbon emissions, were announced this week. The requirements call for as much as a 25 percent reduction in carbon emissions and fuel consumption in certain models by 2027. It also requires annual increases in efficiency of 2.5% from 2021-2027 for heavy-duty pickup trucks and vans.

"The standards promote a new generation of cleaner, more fuel-efficient trucks by encouraging the development and employment of new and advanced cost-effective technologies through model year 2027," said Gina McCarthy, administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which developed the new rules in conjunction with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. "These standards are ambitious and achievable, and they will help ensure the American trucking industry continues to drive our economy -- and at the same time protect our planet."

Official say the new requirements are expected to cut 1.1 billion metric tons of carbon emissions through the next decade and represent a global benchmark for reducing vehicle-exhaust pollutants linked to climate change.

The Climate Post offers a rundown of the week in climate and energy news. It is produced each Thursday by Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions.

-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.

 
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Tim Profeta: The Climate Post:Americans View of Climate Change Polarized; U.N. Targets May Be Tough to Achieve  
Surveys conducted by Yale University and George Mason University suggest that 17 percent of Americans view climate change as an alarming threat and th...

Read more: Environment, Climate Change, Epa, Olympics, Energy, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Paris, Green News

 
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r0B0t: Watch Segway's personal robot in action  
What if you could have a personal robot helper that transforms into a self-balancing scooter? That's the appeal of the Segway robot, an adorable device which first debuted during CES. We were able to take a close look at it this week during Intel's D...  
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Rio 2016: Photos From Days 11 through 13 (40 photos)  

Hundreds of photographers have gathered in Rio to follow the action in the Olympic arenas, swimming pools, racetracks, and more. Over the two weeks of the games, I'll be featuring some amazing images from recent Olympic events. Today's entry encompasses gymnastics, BMX racing, water polo, diving, beach volleyball, taekwondo, decathlon, marathon swimming, kayaking, women's wrestling, and much more.

 
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Inside The World's Biggest Fish Market  
Every day, about 2,000 metric tons of seafood passes through the Tsukiji market in central Tokyo.  
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Synthetic supermicrobe will be resistant to all known viruses  
A bacterium with a different genetic code to every other living things is in the pipeline. It will be resistance to all known viruses - and its inventor wants to alter humans in the same way  
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Birds sing to their unborn chicks to warn them about hot weather  
Zebra finch parents prepare their chicks for the heat by giving them advice through the shell  
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r0B0t: The best budget robot vacuums you can buy  

These affordable robot vacuums clean just as well as expensive models.

 
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r0B0t: New 'Overwatch' short reveals the origin of Bastion  

Behold this tale of a robot and its bird friend. 

Blizzard Entertainment's new origin short for Overwatch hero Bastion shows how the robot went from evil mechanized overlord to a mossy, nature-loving force for good. It's adorable and touching, and offers a shining ray of hope to those who fear the eventual, inevitable robot uprising.

More about Esports, Entertainment, Gaming, Blizzard Entertainment, and Overwatch  
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r0B0t: The robots of war: AI and the future of combat  
The 1983 film WarGames portrayed a young hacker tapping into NORAD's artificial-intelligence-driven nuclear weapons' system. When the hit movie was screened for President Reagan, it prompted the commander in chief to ask if it were possible for the c...  
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Untitled  

movinonagroove posted a photo:

Taken from Westminster bridge.

 
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When Animals Teach, It's Special  

Can elephants teach? Credit: Carl Safina

Like toolmaking, teaching was once thought to be an exclusive capacity of the human mind. It's not, but teaching is rare, and teachers are an elite group.

"Teaching" requires this: one individual must take time from their own task to demonstrate and instruct and the student must learn a new skill. That's a tall order.

When a young chimpanzee watches a skilled adult and then imitates, that's learning, but the adult has not taken time specifically to instruct, so it is not teaching. In the honeybees' amazing waggle dance, the dancer takes time to indicate information about a source of food, but the other foragers learn no new skill. Same with certain ants; same with animals who alarm about the presence of a predator. They do take time to show, but they do not impart new skills to the learners.

Killer whales teach; they take time and impart skills. Around the Indian Ocean's sub-Antarctic Crozet Islands, killer whales catch fur seal and elephant seal pups by surging onto beaches. But it's dangerous. The whales risk stranding themselves and must thrash their bodies back into the rescuing surf.


Killer whales are just one species of teachers. Credit: Carl Safina

Adults teach the young how to do this. They teach in steps, giving lessons. First, they practice on beaches without seals. Mothers gently push their young onto steeply sloping beaches, from which youngsters can easily wriggle back into the sea. It's the killer whale equivalent of learning to operate an automobile in a parking lot before driving in traffic. This teaching builds skills in a safe environment, eliminating the very real risk of a fatal stranding.

Then the young learn hunting by watching their mothers' successful attacks. At five to six years old, young killer whales finally attempt to catch seal pups using the beach-surge technique. An adult female often helps them return to the water, creating a body wave if necessary. The time required for teaching means that mothers catch fewer seals for themselves.

This training may well be the absolute height in both teaching and long-range planning among non-humans. In Alaska, researchers saw two killer whales teaching a one-year-old to hunt by practicing on seabirds. Adults stunned an unsuspecting seabird with their flukes; the yearling whale came and practiced the fluke-slapping technique.


A pod of killer whales. Credit: Carl Safina

Atlantic spotted dolphin mothers sometimes release a prey fish in the presence of their youngsters and let their youngsters chase the fish, recapturing it if it's getting away. Atlantic spotted dolphin youngsters also position themselves alongside mothers who are scanning and prodding sandy bottoms for hidden fish. They can "eavesdrop" on her sonar echoes and imitate her technique, but the mother spends extra time demonstrating. Australian bottlenose dolphin mothers who wear sponges on their snout to protect against urchin spines and the searing sting of hidden scorpionfish while they're probing the sediment teach their children the sponge-wearing technique.

So yes, teachers are an elite group. Other teachers include: cheetahs and housecats (who bring back live prey and let their young learn to catch it), birds called pied babblers (who teach their young a call that means "I have food"), peregrine falcons (who lure their young away from nesting cliffs before dropping killed prey for them to catch in flight), otters (who drag their babies into and under water, teaching them how to swim and dive), and meerkats (who first bring to their growing young dead scorpions, then disabled ones, to demonstrate how to dismember the venomous stingers). Humans teach, of course. That's about it; we know of few other teachers, so far.

But many more must be hiding in a spread as diverse as that. Like toolmaking and teaching, imitation--considered to reflect high intelligence--is also rare in the animal kingdom. Some researchers believe that only apes and dolphins imitate, but it's a little more common. Our parrots' habit of dunking hard bread crusts in water was probably in vented by one and copied by the other. Young dogs imitate older dogs.


Dogs Jude (left) and Chula playing in the water. Credit: Carl Safina

And dogs imitate people in their way. When I am "doing" firewood by cutting, hauling, and stacking it, our dog Chula "does" wood by finding a suitably sized piece and lying down nearby to chew it. When I am "doing" paper-sorting for recycling or burning in the stove, Chula might find an envelope and very inconspicuously lie down with it. Chewing envelopes is usually not allowed, but at these times we both understand that we have paperwork to do.

In South Africa, a captive bottlenose dolphin named Daan had watched divers cleaning algae off his pool's windows. He found a gull feather and started cleaning the window, using the same long strokes. He positioned himself vertically, with one flipper touching the glass--like the divers, who'd steadied themselves by holding on to the window frame--and made sounds almost identical to the diver's breathing apparatus, and released a similar-looking stream of bubbles.

When a window-cleaning diver left his vacuum-cleaning apparatus in an exhibit, he returned the next morning to discover a dolphin named Haig clasping the hose with her flippers, her snout on the scraper. When the diver took back his equipment, the dolphin found a broken piece of tile and started scraping seaweed off the bottom of the pool. Who couldn't use a roommate like Haig?

In a South African aquarium lived a baby Indo-Pacific bottlenose named Dolly. One day while she was just six months old, Dolly was watching a trainer standing at the window smoking a cigarette, blowing puffs of smoke. Dolly swam to her mother, briefly suckled, then returned to the window and released a cloud of milk that engulfed her head. The trainer was "absolutely astonished." Somehow Dolly came up with the idea of using milk to represent smoke. Using one thing to represent something else isn't just imitation. It is art.


Dolphins, like dogs, are exceptionally intelligent imitators. Credit: Carl Safina

Carl Safina's most recent book, Beyond Words; What Animals Think and Feel, is newly out in paperback.

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Technology that Could Turn the Tide on Climate Change: Carbon Dioxide Removal  
New technology is required to make meaningful progress on climate change. This column will focus on one of those options: decreasing the CO2 already in our atmosphere.

Despite robust efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, current technology does nothing about the carbon dioxide already in the atmosphere and therefore some climate experts argue that carbon dioxide removal efforts will be needed.

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