Researchers at Bar Ilan University and the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya, both in Israel, have developed new technology that allows tiny bots to release drugs into the body controlled by human thought alone. The test involved a man using his thoughts to activate nano robots inside a cockroach.
The bots have been built using a DNA origami structure with hollow shell-like components, and they come with a “gate” that can be opened and shut with the help of iron oxide nanoparticles that act as a “lock” which can be prized open using electromagnetic energy.The Israeli team believe the bots could help in controlled release of drugs over time. Led by Dr Ido Bachelet of Bar Ilan University, scientists demonstrated how to control this process with human brainwaves. Using a computer algorithm, they trained the system to detect when a person's brain was under strain from doing mental arithmetic. The team then placed a fluorescent drug in the bots and injected them into various cockroaches that were placed inside an electromagnetic coil.
Wearing an EEG cap (which measures brain activity, the human subject was then tasked with solving mental arithmetic puzzles. By looking at when the fluorescent was released in the cockroaches, scientists were able to conclude their experiment had worked.
“As a proof of principle we demonstrate activation of DNA robots to cause a cellular effect inside the insect Blaberus discoidalis, by a cognitively straining task,” researchers wrote in the journal Public Library of Science One. “This technology enables the online switching of a bioactive molecule on and off in response to a subject's cognitive state.”
The researchers believe the technology could be used to treat disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and ADHD.
The Daily Galaxy via Bar Ilan University and The Interdisciplinary Centre
Image credit: auricmedia.net
NASA Goddard Photo and Video posted a photo:
This image, courtesy of the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), captures the glow of distant stars within NGC 5264, a dwarf galaxy located just over 15 million light-years away in the constellation of Hydra (The Sea Serpent).
Dwarf galaxies like NGC 5264 typically possess around a billion stars — just 1 percent of the number of stars found within the Milky Way. They are usually found orbiting other larger galaxies such as our own, and are thought to form from the material left over from the messy formation of their larger cosmic relatives.
NGC 5264 clearly possesses an irregular shape — unlike the more common spiral or elliptical galaxies — with knots of blue star formation. Astronomers believe that this is due to the gravitational interactions between NGC 5264 and other galaxies nearby. These past flirtations sparked the formation of new generations of stars, which now glow in bright shades of blue.
Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA
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Sir Roger Penrose, a mathematical physicist at Oxford University, has asked "what right do we have to claim, as some might, that human beings are the only inhabitants of our planet blessed with an actual ability to be "aware"? It is hard to see how one could begin to develop a quantum-theoretical description of brain action when one might well have to regard the brain as "observing itself" all the time! Beneath all this technicality is the feeling that it is indeed "obvious" that the conscious mind cannot work like a computer, even though much of what is involved in mental activity might do so.
"What happens to each of our streams of consciousness after we die; where was it before we were born; might we become, or have been, someone else; why do we perceive at all; why are we here; why is there a universe here at all in which we can actually be? These are puzzles that tend to come with the awakenings of awareness in any one of us — and, no doubt, with the awakening of self-awareness, within whichever creature or other entity it first came."“I think consciousness will remain a mystery. I have a much easier time imagining how we understand the Big Bang than I have imagining how we can understand consciousness," said theoretical physicist Edward Wittten of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, who has been compared to Einstein and Newton.
In recent years, human consciousness has emerged as one of the hottest new fields in biology, similar to string theory in physics or the search for extraterrestrial life in astronomy. No longer the purview of philosophers and mystics, consciousness is now attracting the attention of scientists from across a variety of different fields, each, it seems, with their own theories about what consciousness is and how it arises from the brain.
Penrose believes that if a "theory of everything" is ever developed in physics to explain all the known phenomena in the universe, it should at least partially account for consciousness. Penrose believes that quantum mechanics, the rules governing the physical world at the subatomic level, might play an important role in consciousness as shown in the video below.
Recently, Edward Witten, a theoretical physicist and professor of mathematical physics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, has joined philosopher Colin McGinn and Penrose who argue that ultimately, consciousness is unsolvable.
"I think consciousness will remain a mystery, says Witten. "Yes, that's what I tend to believe. I tend to think that the workings of the conscious brain will be elucidated to a large extent. Biologists and perhaps physicists will understand much better how the brain works. But why something that we call consciousness goes with those workings, I think that will remain mysterious. I have a much easier time imagining how we understand the Big Bang than I have imagining how we can understand consciousness."
In a recent video interview with journalist Wim Kayzer (below), Witten, says he is pessimistic about the prospects for a scientific explanation of consciousness.
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The Daily Galaxy via blogs.scientificamerican.com, Kavli Institute, nytimes.com
Image credit: With thanks to esawdilis.com
“Very soon after its discovery, we realized this galaxy had to be more than meets the eye. It has so few stars that it would quickly be ripped apart unless something was holding it together,” said Yale University astronomer Pieter van Dokkum.
Using the world's most powerful telescopes, an international team of astronomers has found a massive galaxy that consists almost entirely of dark matter. The galaxy, Dragonfly 44, is located in the nearby Coma constellation and had been overlooked until last year because of its unusual composition: It is a diffuse “blob” about the size of the Milky Way, but with far fewer stars.
Van Dokkum's team was able to get a good look at Dragonfly 44 thanks to the W.M. Keck Observatory and the Gemini North telescope (below), both in Hawaii. Astronomers used observations from Keck, taken over six nights, to measure the velocities of stars in the galaxy. They used the 8-meter Gemini North telescope to reveal a halo of spherical clusters of stars around the galaxy's core, similar to the halo that surrounds our Milky Way galaxy.
Star velocities are an indication of the galaxy's mass, the researchers noted. The faster the stars move, the more mass its galaxy will have.
“Amazingly, the stars move at velocities that are far greater than expected for such a dim galaxy. It means that Dragonfly 44 has a huge amount of unseen mass,” said co-author Roberto Abraham of the University of Toronto.
Scientists initially spotted Dragonfly 44 with the Dragonfly Telephoto Array, a telescope invented and built by van Dokkum and Abraham.
The image below shows the dark galaxy Dragonfly 44. The image on the left is from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Only a faint smudge is visible. The image on the right is a long exposure with the Gemini telescope, revealing a large, elongated object. Dragonfly 44 is very faint for its mass and consists almost entirely of dark matter. (Images by Pieter van Dokkum, Roberto Abraham, Gemini, Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Dragonfly 44's mass is estimated to be 1 trillion times the mass of the Sun, or 2 tredecillion kilograms (a 2 followed by 42 zeros), which is similar to the mass of the Milky Way. However, only one-hundredth of 1% of that is in the form of stars and “normal” matter. The other 99.99% is in the form of dark matter — a hypothesized material that remains unseen but may make up more than 90% of the universe.
The researchers note that finding a galaxy composed mainly of dark matter is not new; ultra-faint dwarf galaxies have similar compositions. But those galaxies were roughly 10,000 times less massive than Dragonfly 44.
“We have no idea how galaxies like Dragonfly 44 could have formed,” said Abraham. “The Gemini data show that a relatively large fraction of the stars is in the form of very compact clusters, and that is probably an important clue. But at the moment we're just guessing.”
Van Dokkum, the Sol Goldman Family Professor of Astronomy and Physics at Yale, added: “Ultimately what we really want to learn is what dark matter is. The race is on to find massive dark galaxies that are even closer to us than Dragonfly 44, so we can look for feeble signals that may reveal a dark matter particle.”
The Daily Galaxy via Yale University
The announcement that scientists think they may have found a planet orbiting the star nearest to our sun is potentially big news even if it would take 70,000 years to get there
Related: Discovery of potentially Earth-like planet Proxima b raises hopes for life
What's all the excitement about?
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Continue reading...Scientists expect unprecedented images of gas giant as $1.1bn probe makes first pass using full set of instruments and cameras
Nasa's Juno spacecraft will make its closest pass of Jupiter on Saturday when it soars over the swirling cloud tops of the solar system's largest planet at more than 125,000 miles per hour.
The close encounter will be the first time the $1.1bn (£840m) probe has its full suite of cameras and scientific instruments switched on and turned towards the planet as it flies overhead at an altitude of 2,600 miles.
How do you fit an architect, her partner, their two kids and a great dane into a house the size of a caravan?
When architect Macy Miller embarked on a project to build her own home five years ago, she was single and living in a converted garage in downtown Boise, Idaho, the state capital. Her dream was to live efficiently, without much environmental impact, and to build a home for roughly the same cost as her annual rent ($12,000). And so her plan to create The Tiny House, just 196 sq ft, was born. “About a week later, I bought a trailer on wheels, eight foot wide, as the foundation,” she says. Miller now lives in the house with her partner, James, also an architect, their two small children and an enormous great dane.
The house, built directly on top of the trailer, is what most of us would consider a tight squeeze. It has a flat roof and is clad in recycled wood. Both the front and newly extended back, which is wrapped in corrugated metal, have wooden decking steps filled with homey potted plants. The front door enters straight into a tiny living area, big enough just for an armchair, with a recessed television and two shelves of books. A flip-up table sits below the window “Mostly in the down position,” Miller says. To the right is a mezzanine bed for the couple, accessed by steps that double as open shelves. One pace to the left is a small galley kitchen, with a fridge and microwave recessed into the wall. The bathroom opposite has a full-sized shower, sink and compost loo. At the far end of the kitchen is the kids' room, formerly a covered porch, which has doubled the size of the house.
Related: Moroccan summer: taking interiors inspiration from black and white design
Continue reading...A treasury of small wonders at the British Museum, multi-screen interactives to do your head in and a Michelangelo cartoon all in your weekly art dispatch
Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now
Powerful designs and suggestive sketches by artists including Cézanne and Bridget Riley as well as the Renaissance masters make this touring exhibition from the British Museum a treasury of small wonders.
• Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now, Poole Museum and Art Gallery, Dorset, 3 September - 6 November.
What: The brainchild of Sir John Sorrell and Ben Evans, every September the London Design Festival celebrates the country's best thinkers, practitioners, retailers and educators from the world of design.
This year, Design Week are hosting several events during the festival, including a panel talk on building brand awareness featuring NB Studio creative director, Nick Finney.
The Design Week team are also hosting a discussion at Design Junction called Dyslexic Design, based on an exhibition of the same name, a panel talk about the future of packaging, and a session with Supergraphics founders, Eva Kellenberger and Sebastian White.
Where: Various locations across London.
When: 17-25 September.
Info: Find out more information here.
What: Four years after the release of Logotype, design journalist Michael Evamy is set to release Logotype mini, which is intended to be an essential resource for both designers and students.
Designed by Pentagram partners, the book includes more than 1,300 visual typographic identities created by almost 250 different design studios, including Landor, Wolff Olins and Vignelli Associates.
When: Released in September 2016.
Info: The book will be published by Laurence King.
What: Risorama describes itself as a “one-day adventure in risography”. Once marketed to schools as a cheap copier, risograph printing has become popular among graphic designers, zine makers and art insitutions.
The one-day event will showcase well-known riso printers from all over the world, including Risotto (Glasgow), Tan & Loose Press (Chicago) and Bananafish Books (Shanghai).
There will also be a number of drop-in workshops for people to learn more about how it works and make their own prints.
When: Saturday 3 September.
Where: Protein Studios, 31 New Inn Yard, London EC2A 3EY.
Info: Entry is free, and the event runs from 11am-6pm. Find out more information here.
What: Now more than 20 years old, Wirksworth Festival transforms the Derbyshire market town of Wirksworth into a gallery and performance venue for two weeks every September.
During its trailblazing Art & Architecture Trail Weekend, the entire town becomes a gallery with over 150 artists and designer makers exhibiting and selling their work everywhere from stone cottages to churches.
The rest of the festival includes a selection of performance, fringe events and installations.
The lineup this year includes a specially commissioned installation by Wolfgang Buttress at St Mary's Church, continuing the bee theme explored by The Hive, which is currently on display at Kew Gardens in London.
When: 9-25 September.
Where: Wirksworth, Derbyshire.
Info: Prices vary depending on the individual event. Find out more information here.
What: The theme for the London Transport Museum's Friday Late is colour, and will celebrate the Capital's most famous hues from the blue on the Underground's Victoria line to the red of London's buses.
Visitors can expect a mix of workshops, talks about the psychology of colour and why the circle line is yellow, as well as a pop-up nail bar offering tube-themed manicures.
When: Friday 9 September.
Where: London Transport Museum, Covent Garden Piazza, London WC2E 7BB.
Info: Tickets cost £12 for adults and £10 for concessions, and the event runs from 6.45pm-10pm. Find out more information here.
The post 5 design things to look out for in September appeared first on Design Week.
It is with a heavy, heavy heart that I write these words today.
The renowned Jamaican born designer, illustrator, social activist and artist, Michael Thompson aka “Freestylee” has passed away at the age of 57 from a heart attack.
Although I never met Michael in the flesh, we certainly connected spiritually as fellow African diaspora creatives, and virtually through a wonderful, long Skype conversation we shared in the Spring of 2013 just after I had interviewed him for my Design Week “Four Corners” column.
I was extremely excited to discover Michael's work, which was so accomplished in every way. Excelling specifically in the medium of poster design, he represented the roots culture of his Caribbean island birthplace with an artistic flair and design sensibility that stands up against the work of any of his more celebrated European counterparts.
It was an incredible talent that was equally matched by his ambition to realise an International Reggae Hall of Fame Museum in Kingston Jamaica, designed by the visionary architect, Frank Gehry.
Using an international reggae poster design competition, as a creative vehicle to publicise and to engage with audiences from all over the world in his bold vision, the competition has gone from strength to strength and is now in its 6th year.
In that time, Michael himself designed over 500 posters representing Jamaican musical and cultural icons while highlighting the many social and humanitarian causes that touched his heart and fuelled his creative passions.
Though his heart may have stopped beating, I have no doubt that the lifeblood of his work will live on through his creative compatriot, Maria; the many artists and designers around the world who were inspired by his actions; and his talented son, Dane Thompson, who is an illustrator and designer in his own right.
It is a sentiment that is echoed by those who knew and worked with him such as Patricia Chin, co-founder of VP Records, the world's premier reggae and Caribbean music label and distributor, whose beautiful words I leave with you now.
“Michael, your heart was overflowing with love for all mankind. You may have left us but your spirit lives on through your beautiful work,” she says.
The post Remembering designer Michael Thompson (27 March 1958 15 August 2016) appeared first on Design Week.
JKR has designed new branding for alcopop brand WKD, featuring an entirely redrawn logo and showing a marked departure since the most recent redesign unveiled in May 2015.
The new identity is centred around an exclamation concept to represent the brand's “sense of fun and excitement,” according to JKR, and is launching to coincide with the vodka-based drink's 20th birthday.
WKD parent company SHS Drinks brought in several consultancies to pitch for the project, aiming for a new look that better reflects the attitudes of the brand's 18 to 24-year-old target audience. JKR was appointed in April this year, and reinvented the brand across all visual touchpoints and packaging.
JKR says, “Research revealed a big gap in consumer interests and demands since the brand launched in 1996, so a revitalised brand design and visual identity was required in order to engage this audience.”
The exclamation mark concept was chosen as a subtle reference to the previous WKD branding's rectangular device, which now appears elongated down the bottle above a circle. This new dot shape is used across the identity, acting as a holding divide for flavour information or as a flexible icon across other channels.
Adam Swan, design director at JKR, says, “Vibrancy and bright colours have always been part of the WKD story but this reinvented design unlocks that vibrancy and takes it one step further, bringing the passion, fun and excitement of the brand to life.”
New bolder typography is used, appearing as transparent to show the drink colour on Blue and Iron Brew variants, and acts as a holding device for a brushstroke pattern “inspired by oil-painting,” according to JKR, on the Berry and Passion Fruit flavours.
Bottle caps in bright contrasting colours feature simple icons and designs such as smiley faces, winking faces and hearts, aiming to “further emphasise the element of fun,” says JKR.
The redesigned bottles will roll out in October this year with a range of four flavours Blue, Iron Brew, Berry and Passion Fruit, renamed from Blush. The brand is also set to launch two new low-calorie variants at the end of this year.
The post JKR's WKD redesign aims for “gender inclusive” look and feel appeared first on Design Week.
this grid-like structure mimics the form of an enlarged fabric web, wrapping around a 22 meter high elevator shaft.
The post BORGMAN | LENK adds massive steel intervention to denmark's lillebaelt academy appeared first on designboom | architecture & design magazine.
to dust
we spoke with the artist and innovator about creating a space of wonder and identity for millions of travelers.
The post daan roosegaarde on ‘beyond': a 160 billion pixel 3D cloud artwork at schiphol airport appeared first on designboom | architecture & design magazine.
A treasury of small wonders at the British Museum, multi-screen interactives to do your head in and a Michelangelo cartoon all in your weekly art dispatch
Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now
Powerful designs and suggestive sketches by artists including Cézanne and Bridget Riley as well as the Renaissance masters make this touring exhibition from the British Museum a treasury of small wonders.
• Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now, Poole Museum and Art Gallery, Dorset, 3 September - 6 November.
A treasury of small wonders at the British Museum, multi-screen interactives to do your head in and a Michelangelo cartoon all in your weekly art dispatch
Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now
Powerful designs and suggestive sketches by artists including Cézanne and Bridget Riley as well as the Renaissance masters make this touring exhibition from the British Museum a treasury of small wonders.
• Lines of Thought: Drawing from Michelangelo to now, Poole Museum and Art Gallery, Dorset, 3 September - 6 November.