%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fbill-mckibben%2Fthe-continents-greatest-o_b_11951578.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dgreen%26ir%3DGreen&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Continent's Greatest Organizers Win a Famous Victory For the last few weeks many of the finest organizers in North America have been gathering in a remote camp near the Standing Rock Sioux reservation along the Missouri River. And yesterday they won a battle that--though temporary and tenuous--should stand with what happened at Selma and Birmingham in the annals of America's protest history.
The backstory is fairly simple. Oil companies wanted to build a pipeline to get some of the crude that they've been fracking out of the Dakotas to market. The pipeline originally was set to cross the Missouri at Bismarck, but people pointed out that a spill there would endanger water supplies for the state capitol. So they decided to endanger water supplies on the reservation instead. The Army Corps of Engineers--which has a long history of doing bad things to native Americans, not to mention the environment--granted permits for the pipeline, over the objections of other federal agencies.
The tribe went to court to block the construction--and, as is usually the case, the tribe lost yesterday in a federal courtroom, where a judge did what judges have been doing for hundreds of years to native Americans.
But happily that's not all the tribe did. Much more importantly they went to the court of public opinion. Native Americans from across the continent poured into the camp at Standing Rock, in a show of tribal unity not seen--well, maybe not seen almost ever. And their protest began to resonate with the world outside.
That resonance increased last week, after the pipeline company did two very stupid things. One, it dug up a bunch of Sioux sacred sites, a day after the tribe provided the court with a list of those locations--it was the rough equivalent of knocking over a couple of dozen churches and maybe a corner of Arlington Cemetery. And two, when protesters tried to put their bodies in the way of that desecration, the company used attack dogs on them.
The color pictures of those snarling German shepherds were almost identical to the black and white pictures from Birmingham in 1963, and they shocked people around the country. Even around the world. In Laos, three days ago, the president was holding a 'town hall' with young Asian students. I'm pretty sure the last question he expected to get was on why his government was wrecking Indian land and watching idly as Indian bodies were bitten and beaten.
As a result of that activism and that courage, yesterday--literally seconds after the court released its predictable result--the federal government did something pretty unprecedented. It said it was not going to let the company build the pipeline under the Missouri River. Not for now, anyway--not until there'd been far more consultation. It was the right thing for President Obama to do. Here are some of the things it means:
The rest of us now have the time to come to full support of the tribes in their battle. There are solidarity actions scheduled across the country on Tuesday--Bernie Sanders will headline the one in DC, in one of his first big speeches since the end of the primary campaign. They are more important now than ever.
We need to ask for much more than a temporary halt. The reason the Obama administration got in this mess in the first place was that they 'fast-tracked' the review process for these pipelines. In an effort to appease oil companies and pipeline unions when they were forced to halt the Keystone pipeline, they started 'expediting' review of almost every other thing in the country. That has to end.
A real review would look not only at the impacts on water if something spills. It would look at the impacts on the climate when that oil gets burned. New federal rules announced a couple of months ago enshrines that 'climate test' as government policy; it should be followed here, since the same communities that will suffer from pipeline spills also pay an outsized price as our climate changes.
It sure would be nice if Hillary Clinton actually said something about any of this. So far she's been a cipher on it, apparently unwilling to buck the banks and oil companies that have poured more money into her campaign than even into Trump's. That is...sad.
Mostly, though, today is a day to gaze in wonder, at the amazing organizing by native groups across this continent. As in so many battles in recent years, they have been in the vanguard and on the message that matters. In a season of political blather and bluster they spoke from the heart, and they were heard. For those of us too young to remember SNCC and SCLC and Dr. King, these past weeks have given us some sense of what it must have looked like.
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fdailyoverview.tumblr.com%2Fpost%2F150213243324&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Train cars filled with coal are stationed in Norfolk, Virginia....
Train cars filled with coal are stationed in Norfolk, Virginia. Operated by the Norfolk Southern corporation, Lamberts Point Pier 6 is the largest coal-loading station in the Northern Hemisphere and serves at the temporary depot for the company's fleet of 23,000 coal cars.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2016%2F09%2F10%2Fthe-beginning-of-protest%2F%3Fncid%3Drss&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Beginning Of Protest The most provocative book I've read this year is The End Of Protest, by Micah White, one of the two initiators of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Remember Occupy? Those crazy days when, giddy with the apparent success of the previous year's Arab Spring, independent, decentralized groups of protestors, connected by cell phones and social media, seized public spaces across… Read More general
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fjohnlinford%2F29292514050%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 London in a Glass (1 of 2)
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fjohnlinford%2F29472839812%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 London in a Glass (2 of 2)
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fmathiasappel%2F29545409156%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Red Panda trying to cool of a little
Red Pandas have adapted to live in the Himalayas where it's a lot colder than it is here in Germany during the summer months. Luckily Pushpa here doesn't have it too hot, the part of the zoo where they have their enclosure is essentially inside a forest, the canopy provides a lot of shade for her and her partner Jang.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fmaistora%2F29546354776%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The new iPhone has the best camera
Ever. Killer of DSLR-s, they say. These bold headlines (yet to be supported by picture evidence) make me feel inferior and left behind. I instinctively reached for my miserable old Galaxy S7, to check the photos inside and decide if one could still call the rusty relic a camera...
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2016%2Fsep%2F10%2Fthe-hunt-for-vulcan-by-thomas-levenson-review-newton-einstein-and-the-invisible-planet&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Hunt for Vulcan by Thomas Levenson review - Newton, Einstein and the invisible planet
It's a story that has been told many times, but this new take on the revolution in astronomy from Newton to Einstein is a fresh, smartly-paced read
Isaac Newton set it up for Albert Einstein: he calculated a system of heavenly motion that governed the entire measurable cosmos. He then added a challenge: a theory, he wrote “that agrees exactly with exact astronomical observations cannot fail to be true.”
He didn't live to find out quite how much frustration that claim would give his fellow astronomers, who identified Uranus, and then from the behaviour of Uranus inferred the existence of another planet, and finally identified Neptune. They relied on Newton's predictions, which were spot on and self-evidently right, all the way to the edge of the solar system - except for one tiny little niggling detail about the planet closest to the sun.
%feed http://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/goddard/2016/hubble-peers-into-the-storm Hubble Peers into the Storm Hubble sees a maelstrom of glowing gas and dark dust within one of the Milky Way's satellite galaxies, the Large Magellanic Cloud. astronomy
The Mallard family settle down for a cosy night by the lake...
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%feed http://twitter.com/TheEWT/status/774532697230237696 We're counting down to the CITES CoP! The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna... https://t.co/if5gBv6bPi https://t.co/if5gBv6bPi
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozy.com%2Frising-stars%2Fthe-vaticans-in-house-astronomer%2F66779&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Vatican's In-House Astronomer Guy Consolmagno is a respected planetary scientist on the tenure track to Heaven. general
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozy.com%2Frising-stars%2Fthe-doctor-who-wants-you-to-be-a-research-parasite%2F68411&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Doctor Who Wants You to Be a Research Parasite He's digging through old records and research to find cures ... and making money doing it. general
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%feed https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/sep/09/a-chance-to-break-out-of-the-westminster-bubble A chance to break out of the Westminster bubble | Letters
John Harris's article is timely, not just because the present structural fabric of parliament is unfit for purpose, but our system of parliamentary governance itself is unfit for purpose (Parliament is falling down. Let's move it to Birmingham, 9 September). What a heaven-sent opportunity for review and revision.
A federal system in which each of the four member countries has equality, with their own parliaments for governing their own distinct affairs, would require the creation of an English parliament, built for purpose, with a smaller number of sitting MPs. The British federal parliament could be located centrally to the member countries in Birmingham or the north of England to deal with pan-British affairs such as foreign policy and defence.
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/new-plumen-003-light-bulb-makes-people-look-beautiful/ New Plumen 003 light bulb makes people “look more beautiful”
Plumen has revealed its new energy saving LED light bulb, which aims to be both “efficient” and “beautiful”.
The Plumen 003 has been designed by product design consultancy Hulger, in collaboration with Claire Norcross and Marie-Laure Giroux, and took five years to develop.
“Two lights in one”
The new light bulb acts as “two lights in one”, says Plumen, with two functions it gives off a “downward spotlight” to illuminate specific tasks, such as for those eating or reading, and a “soft ambient light” to light the surrounding environment and people's faces.
The soft light is achieved through a gold element in the centre of the light bulb, which aims to make people “look more beautiful”, says Plumen.
“Sustainable design lacks sex appeal”
The gold element in the middle of the bulb has been engineered by Hulger in collaboration with Plumen's engineering team to diffuse and reflect the light, which reduces glare, and provides a softer light on side views with a more direct light below.
“Sustainable design often lacks sex appeal, LED bulbs being no exception,” says Nicolas Roope, creative director at Hulger. “To persuade all those who still haven't moved to low energy lighting, we needed something really special to tempt them in. We needed some seductive sustainability.”
Inspired by the PH lamp
The design of the bulb has been inspired by Danish designer Poul Henningsen's PH lamp, which was designed in 1925, and was an softer alternative to the classic Edison bulb.
Consultancy Hulger created the original Plumen 001 LED light bulb in 2010, which Plumen claims was the “world's first designer low energy light bulb”.
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/mercedes-benz-hopes-transform-home-delivery-drone-equipped-van/ Mercedes-Benz hopes to transform home delivery with drone-equipped van
Mercedes-Benz has unveiled a prototype for Vision Van; its electric delivery van which has been developed to make home delivery faster and more efficient.
The Vision Van includes fully automated cargo loading and a launch pad for drones, which are able to drop off packages during the final stage of the delivery process.
The addition of drones will boost delivery times by up to 50% on the last mile, according to the company. For instance, if the van stops in a residential area, it will be able to deliver multiple packages to nearby homes autonomously by air as well as by hand.
Reduced delivery time
“The intelligent automation technology connects the entire process, from loading and transportation by road through to delivery to the consignee,” says Volker Mornhinweg, head of Mercedes-Benz Vans.
“This makes it easier for the deliverer to do business and rapidly reduces the delivery time for end customers.”
Mercedes-Benz is incorporating smart technologies into the van, such a telematics unit which collects and processes data about the package delivery status.
Electric drive system
The van also comes equipped with 75 kW electric drive and has a range of between 80 and 270 kilometres.
Mornhinweg says: “Equipped with an electric drive system, the Vision Van not only operates locally emission-free, it also moves almost silently. This means that it can be operated in cities even during times when there are traffic restrictions or for late-night deliveries in residential areas.”
Mercedes-Benz has not commented about when they expect the Vision Van to roll out.
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/uk-james-dyson-award-winner-scoops-prize-vaccine-device/ UK James Dyson Award winner scoops prize for vaccine device
A portable device that cools vaccines so that they can be transported without expiring has been declared the 2016 James Dyson Award winner for the UK.
The design by William Broadway has been inspired by an idea Albert Einstein patented in 1906 called Icyball, a refrigeration unit for farmers that didn't require electricity and lasted for 24 hours.
Broadway's design is a response to the estimated 19.4 million children worldwide who failed to receive routine immunisation services annually. More than 60% of these children are living in developing countries.
Broadway's Isobar prototype contains ammonia and water heated in a low pressure vessel. The ammonia vaporises and separates from the water into the upper chamber where it is trapped by a valve. It stays trapped here until the cooling effect is needed.
A £2,000 prize has been given to Broadway to develop his design and he plans to invest in creating more advanced prototypes and applying for patents.
“The technology can get a bit of the limelight”
Broadway says he is pleased “the technology can get a bit of the limelight.” He adds: “It was such an innovative technology in 1929 that was forgotten and taken over by electric refrigeration.
“It gives me the confidence to pursue it whole heartedly in the knowledge that I can actually make this device and that it could have a great impact and benefit thousands of people.”
The win sees Broadway entered into the international James Dyson Award competition, which carries a £30,000 prize and will be announced on 27 October.
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/nhs-launch-new-website-patients/ NHS to launch new website for patients in 2017
The NHS website is set to be completely redesigned by 2018, into a centralised hub where patients will be able to order prescriptions, book an appointment and find a GP.
The overhaul is part of a wider Department of Health initiative to “achieve digital excellence” in the NHS.
The current NHS.uk website
The new NHS.uk website will allow patients to register with a GP, access healthcare records such as test results, and receive medical advice.
It will also allow them to view and book appointments, and order and track prescriptions, says the Department of Health.
As part of the initiative, data from NHS-approved health apps will also now be added into patients' records.
This data will be used to help “guide patient choice”, says the Department of Health, and the website will include a library of health apps and wearable devices, which have been given the NHS seal of approval.
The current MyNHS website
There will also be a redesign of the existing MyNHS website, which currently provides information to patients on health services in their local area.
It will be programmed to give “better data” on local services performing well across certain healthcare areas, starting with dementia, diabetes and learning disabilities. Data for services' performance based on maternity, cancer and mental health will follow.
It will also include infographic tools such as maps and graphs, which will show how performance across local services has changed over time.
Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt made the announcement this week, and the digital transformation will be headed up by the NHS' in-house team NHS Digital.
Expected by the end of 2017
Andy Williams, chief executive at NHS Digital, says: “Our purpose is to harness information and technology to deliver better health and care.
I am excited by the agenda outlined…and believe we have only just begun to achieve the true transformational change and deliver the real benefits that digital technologies can bring to doctors, nurses, social workers, patients and the public.”
The new NHS.uk website is expected to roll out by the end of 2017, according to the Department of Health.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/sep/09/nick-serota-martin-roth-tracey-emin-bed-the-week-in-art Nick Serota, Martin Roth and Tracey's bed the week in art
There's a changing of art's top guard (if not sheets), while Mark Zuckerberg runs into censorship issues and London is set ablaze all in your weekly art dispatch
Tracey Emin and William Blake Two British mavericks meet as Tracey Emin's works, including My Bed, are mixed with those of the visionary romantic artist and poet who wrote The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. • Tate Liverpool, Liverpool, 16 September to September 2017.
The first ever London Design Biennale takes place this month at Somerset House and showcases installations from 37 countries around the world.
This year's theme is Design by Utopia, and some exhibits look at plausible, existing solutions towards creating a happier, more idealistic world, while others explore hypothetical ideas.
Some don't offer solutions at all, but instead use art and design to create their own interpretations of utopia and dystopia.
The inaugural show certainly has a few teething problems a small handful of exhibits were being hurriedly constructed on its opening day, and there's a lack of thematic order to the exhibition space, making it a little random and incongruous.
While some of the installations appear convoluted and tenuously linked to the theme, there is also imaginative, thought-provoking and intuitive work on offer, which proves design's role in both tackling world issues, and helping to highlight them.
Here are our five picks from the show:
Norway: Reaching for Utopia Inclusive Design in Practice By Norwegian Centre for Design and Architecture
Norway's mini exhibition space within a room in the West Wing is a succinct, informative look at how the country is using design to create social equality.
The space is one of the least visual but most powerful of the show. It answers questions about inclusive design, demystifying what the term means, and explaining why designing systems to suit everyone can help create a more sustainable economy.
It uses infographics to depict the people who are forced to the peripheries of society due to poorly designed systems, such as those with disabilities and older people, and also explores gender discrimination.
The exhibit then shows examples of public sector services in Norway which have been rebuilt based on the principles of inclusive design, including hospitals, universities and railway systems.
The piece is a proactive look at how developed countries have the resources to make public services more inclusive, and sets an inspiring example for other countries to follow.
Turkey's modern-day wishing well is a simple but poignant way of inspiring hope in a country which has been at the pinnacle of the migrant crisis.
Visitors can write their wish on a piece of paper, roll it up and slip it inside a futuristic pod, then step across a tunnel of transparent hexagonal tubes to drop it into the suction-powered machine.
They'll then see it spiral through the tubes, and even make its way around the West Wing of Somerset House, where the tubes have been neatly laced across the walls.
The destination of the messages is unknown, and the Somerset House staff certainly won't give anything away. While the wishes themselves may be inconsequential, the installation incites hope and consideration for others through design, brings an ancient concept into 2016, and openly invites visitors to interact with the display.
Lebanon: Mezzing in Lebanon By Annabel Karim Kassar Architects
Lebanon was lucky enough to have been given the entire outdoor River Terrace space of Somerset House the perfect setting for a colourful, authentic imitation of the streets of Beirut.
While the majority of pavilions depict the future in some way, Lebanon's take on Utopia is to present the country's existing, community-based culture as happiness in itself.
Visitors can expect a microcosm of Beirut authentic food and orange juice stalls, a barber, a “cinema” filled with hand-made mattresses and carpets and an area where they can play backgammon. A giant map of the city covers the floor, a reference to the fact that the city was until recently mainly navigated by landmarks rather than its map system.
The pavilion is an interactive look at how utopia can sometimes be found at home, and gives visitors the chance to temporarily absorb themselves within the culture of the country.
Japan: A Journey Around the Neighbourhood Globe By Yasuhiro Suzuki
Japan's offering is a clever look at how design can be interpreted in alternative ways. Artist Yasuhiro Suzuki bases his piece on the Japanese concept of “looking at one thing as if it were another”, and distorts everyday objects to make them appear as different things.
Visitors will be subject to strange objects which create optical illusions, such as spinning portrait images which depict people blinking, an acrylic, hollow tree stump which has water dripping into it from an unknown place in the ceiling every few seconds, and an “unravelled” model of a globe encased in a zip.
The piece looks at the endless possibilities of design, and also spreads the message that utopia can be found in being open-minded to different points of view. It makes for a visually pleasing display too, with attention to detail and playful design assigned to both tiny and huge objects.
South Africa's fluffy depictions of dangerous animals with their jaws wide upon hang from the ceiling of the Embankment gallery, inviting visitors to climb inside (though you're asked not to do this through tongue-in-cheek “Please don't feed the animals” signs). These giant, playful seats toy with conflicting ideas of innocence and corruption, a symbol of the country's troubled history.
The cuddly toys-cum-chairs are an idyllic look at how South Africa has seen change since the end of the apartheid, while still remembering the past. Although not strictly interactive, the pieces are a unique addition to the exhibition. It's probably for the best they can't be sat in, as climbing inside the hanging devices would be a fittingly perilous experience.
While many of the exhibits employ the use of extravagant digital resources, this is a colourful array of back-to-basics craft which successfully communicates an idea of childhood innocence as utopia.
China: DenCity presents intricate, small-scale models of a possible block-based building solution to the ever-growing population in Shenzhen, accompanied by animations of people interacting in that space. By Urbanus.
Israel: Human.Touch is a display of two existing examples of product design with a social purpose Aid-Drop, a pyramid-shaped package dropped via parachute into disaster zones to provide people with first aid equipment, and Louder, a pair of speakers which translate sounds into visual cues and floor vibrations to aid people who are deaf. By Yaniv Kadosh and Sharona Merlin.
United Arab Emirates: Al Falaj: Water Systems of the Gulf's Oases presents small-scale models which convincingly depict how the UAE's current water systems could be modified and improved using an ancient water drainage system. By Cultural Engineering.
United Kingdom: Barber & Osgerby's majestic installation Forecast, which looks at the influence of wind and renewable energy, sits at the centre of Somerset House's central courtyard. By Edward Barber and Jay Osgerby.
The London Design Biennale takes place at Somerset House, Strand, London WC2R 1LA from 7-27 September. Tickets are £15 with an additional £2.35 booking fee if booking online, or £11.85 concessions. Buy tickets here.
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/favourite-brand-sounds-mcdonalds-nokia/ Our favourite brand sounds: from McDonald's to Nokia Richard Scholey, director, The Chase
“Tough decision. Is it a brand sound so irritatingly catchy that you wonder how you found yourself singing along? (Think ‘mmm Danone'). Is it the perfect combination of sound and audio such as the BBC's classic news beeps that accompany it's radiating circles title sequence? Or do you go for Xbox's very on-brand exhilarating whoosh that heralds the muting of my son for another few hours? Each has its merits, but as the lights go down and the popcorn rustling subsides, surely nothing can beat ‘Pa pah pa pah pa pah pa pah papapah' probably the only non-verbal jingle you can write down in gibberish and yet still instantly recognise*.”
*Pearl and Dean, obviously.
Lou Hunter, creative director, Brand Union
“My favourite piece of sonic branding comes from Nokia not the infamous ringtone, but the ‘Special' text message tone. Three short beeps, two long ones and three more short beeps spells out SMS in morse code. Even though it annoyed most people, it's definitely memorable. It's also a really clever way to encapsulate what the brand does in a sound, and so carries more meaning to it than your standard jingle something to consider when it comes to sonic branding.”
Nick Asbury, founder, Asbury & Asbury
“I still have a Pavlovian response to the HBO ident (static noise + bass note/angelic voice), even years after watching The Sopranos, Curb, The Wire, and so on. I think that's how good audio branding works it's like the bell that Pavlov's dog learns to associate with food. If you hear the HBO ident before any programme, you're conditioned to think it's slightly better. By contrast, the Intel sting is like a closed loop. If I hear the sound, I think Intel, and if I think ‘Intel' I hear the sound. But it doesn't really build an association with anything apart from itself. It's like training a dog to think ‘bell' when it hears a bell. Sort of impressive, but not Pavlovian impressive.”
Paul Bailey, founder, Brand In Process
“Sitting in a cinema, the lights have gone down, and from the darkness appears a lion's head which gives two loud roars. To me, this sound indicates that I'm about to be transported to another place, at least for the duration of the film. The MGM lion's roar acts as a signifier for memories, associations and feelings memories of happy times and associations with great films.
However, a lion's roar not being an entirely unique sound, the MGM audio logo must work in association with other elements of the brand and experience. If I heard a lion's roar coming out of the darkness, and I wasn't in a cinema or watching TV, I might feel differently.”
James Ramsden, executive creative director, Coley Porter Bell
“This is a really interesting question as there's so much more connection and power experienced when visual movement and sonic connect.
Some of the more memorable are:
The Movie Houses: They have distinct sonics potentially more audio but they recall that lovely positive feeling you get before you settle down for a film brilliantly. I defy anyone not to have a positive feeling towards the Pearl and Dean sonic.
McDonalds: The whistle (it must have a name?) is probably one of the most successful sonics that has been owned and extended throughout a brand world.
Intel: This has to be one of the most recognisable four notes ever.
Lloyds TSB: The For The Journey campaign ran a sonic for five years that was so successful it ended up being released as a record, and charted you'll find it online.
Magnum: While the crunch sound they use is not a traditional sonic like the other examples it is a totally ownable sound that no other brand could use as it's so distinctive.”
Clement Balavoine, founder, Neuro
“I spent a lot of time in my childhood around computers, playing video games or exploring the internet, especially on systems like Windows ‘98 or XP. But the logo and sound I will always remember is the Windows ‘95 one, which was the operating system of the first computer I was able to experience, thanks to my grandfather's passion for electronics. This sound promised me a lot of discovery, and since that day it's stuck in my mind. Actually, It's only recently that I discovered that Brian Eno, one of my favorite musicians, was the composer of this sound…”
%feed https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/5-11-september-2016/5-important-things-happened-design-week-3-11/ 5 important things that happened in design this week
Created by DesignStudio, the new logo makes a bold move away from an illustrative to a more symbolic, emblematic look.
But many people have interpreted the abstract kangaroo symbol a little differently… readers and twitterers have drawn a striking resemblance with the “two-finger salute”.
While it remains to be seen whether the delivery company is giving a metaphorical “fingers up” to any of its frequently emerging competitors (reader comment: “Literal two fingers to Uber Eats?“), DesignStudio want the bold, new logo to become a “character” easily associated with the brand, and intends for the minimal look to “reduce cultural associations” rather than establish them.
The rebrand may also signify a fresh, new start for the company, which hit headlines recently regarding controversy around its new contracts for delivery riders.
The new phones include the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus, which start at £599 and come with a set of AirPod wireless headphones.
In fact, the phones won't even include a headphone socket, and users will need an adapter which comes free with a phone purchase to use an old pair of headphones.
The phones can also allegedly be dunked under water to a depth of one metre for 30 minutes without breaking (though we suggest you don't try this), have a 12-megapixel camera, and have the longest battery life of all iPhone models to date.
The launch also sees the arrival of the Apple Watch Series 2, which is also water resistant so can be used when swimming, and has a built-in GPS system.
Along with the physical products, the launch will also see the rollout of Apple's latest operating system iOS 10, which will see a new Home app added to the App Store a control hub which allows people to manage all of their connected home products, such as thermostats, lighting and security cameras.
There's a chunky price tag of £15, but visitors will be able to step into Beirut with an immersive outdoor market stall exhibition from Lebanon, gawp at huge, ferocious-cum-cute animal-shaped chairs from South Africa and witness sustainable design solutions from the likes of Israel, the United Arab Emirates and Norway.
While some installations deviate away from the theme, there's a huge amount of imagination, creativity and smart design thinking, which look at how design can be a very powerful tool in both conveying and helping world issues.
Coinciding with London Design Festival, you can catch it at Somerset House, Strand, London WC2R 1LA from 7-27 September.
The 3Doodler Pro not only draws solid structures in thin air, but also lets users change temperature and speed, enabling them to control the speed of construction.
It can also be used for longer and more intensively than previously before needing a charge, and can draw with a variation of different plastics, which replicate wood, copper, bronze and nylon just in case any designers need to create a nylon-based architectural masterpiece.
Faraz Warsi, creative director at 3Doodler, says the pen could be a welcome alternative to using a 3D printer, which is “expensive”, “requires specialist knowledge” and takes “time to print products”. With the pen, designers can create 3D structures whenever “inspiration strikes”, he says.
The pen is priced at £187, and will soon be available to buy worldwide online from the 3Doodler site.
Ikea rolled out its convenience store concept more widely
The retail concept marks a turning point for the brand, as it moves away from warehouses only reachable by car, to a more local and convenient experience.
This is probably particularly suited to Londoners, where public transport is king and driving can be perilous.
In a similar style to Argos, customers can order online for collection at the store. Alternatively, they can order in store for home delivery.
The Stratford branch is Ikea's first convenience store in a shopping centre, though it first trialled the concept in Norwich last autumn.
Got a design story? Email sarah.dawood@centaurmedia.com.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2016/sep/09/gaudis-partner-in-iconic-barcelona-design-finally-gets-the-limelight Gaudí's partner in iconic Barcelona design finally gets the limelight
Josep Maria Jujol's contribution to Gaudí's Barcelona masterpieces, and those he created himself in Catalonia, have been overlooked. A new documentary seeks to give him the recognition he deserves
Visitors to Barcelona will all sooner or later find themselves in Antoni Gaudí's fairytale Park Güell, admiring the view of the city from one of the sinuous benches made up of fragments of coloured tiles. For many, the benches of Park Güell are the essence of Gaudí, but they are in fact the work of another artist and architect, Josep Maria Jujol.
“When tourists go to Parc Güell, what do they look at? They look at Jujol's work,” says the architect's son, also Josep Maria. “I mean, what they most rave about in Gaudí's work is Jujol's contribution.”
%feed http://thenextweb.com/creativity/2016/09/09/cgi-girl-isnt-real/ This girl isn't real, and it's proof that CGI isn't creepy anymore CGI is moving fast, very fast. Not just for added effects in movies, but also for creating completely lifelike 3D models. The biggest problem facing the animation community is an effect called the ‘uncanny valley'. We're confronted with this when we see something that looks nearly human, but just not quite. Humans are so good at recognizing other humans, that's it's extremely hard to create a thing that looks like a normal, healthy person and not a zombie or a corpse. It's explained in the graph below: We've become pretty good at making CGI look like it's almost real, but the real challenge is making…
blending drawing, painting, collage, sculpture, and kinetic and audio media, 'silence of the music' presents a multi-sensory experience that embraces the power of human imagination.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/sep/09/peter-matthews-underwater-artist--near-death-experience Meet the underwater artist inspired by a near-death experience
It took a rogue wave crashing over him for Peter Matthews to realise his calling now he makes all his work while bobbing about on or under the ocean, with only the seals for company and rockpools to store his wet and wild work
‘When I have fears that I may cease to be,” as the old poem goes, “before my pen has gleaned my teeming brain ... then on the shore / Of the wide world I stand alone, and think / Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.” The artist Peter Matthews has gone one step further than John Keats: he's actually waded into the sea.
The 37-year-old, who hails from the stubbornly landlocked hills of Derbyshire, has made a career of drawing and painting in the ocean. That's right: floating in the sea, using an old piece of plywood as a desk-cum-flotation aid and scrawling across huge sheets of paper with the charcoal pencils and gel pens that he keeps tucked under his hat.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/sep/09/nick-serota-martin-roth-tracey-emin-bed-the-week-in-art Nick Serota, Martin Roth and Tracey's bed the week in art
There's a changing of art's top guard (if not sheets), while Mark Zuckerberg runs into censorship issues and London is set ablaze all in your weekly art dispatch
Tracey Emin and William Blake Two British mavericks meet as Tracey Emin's works, including My Bed, are mixed with those of the visionary romantic artist and poet who wrote The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. • Tate Liverpool, Liverpool, 16 September to September 2017.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/sep/09/nick-serota-martin-roth-tracey-emin-bed-the-week-in-art Nick Serota, Martin Roth and Tracey's bed the week in art
There's a changing of art's top guard (if not sheets), while Mark Zuckerberg runs into censorship issues and London is set ablaze all in your weekly art dispatch
Tracey Emin and William Blake Two British mavericks meet as Tracey Emin's works, including My Bed, are mixed with those of the visionary romantic artist and poet who wrote The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. • Tate Liverpool, Liverpool, 16 September to September 2017.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/sep/09/nicolas-deshayes-anatomy-of-an-artwork Nicolas Deshayes's cast-iron sculptures find beauty in the repulsive
By exploring relationships between humanity and materials, the young artist is creating ripples in the Thames
These cast-iron sculptures by the young artist Nicolas Deshayes are oddly beautiful. They cling to the gallery wall like the rococo ribbons and twirling flora that encrusted 18th-century ceilings. They ripple, like the Thames water they're named after.
%feed http://www.designboom.com/art/oliver-astrologo-venice-film-09-08-2016/ oliver astrologo uncovers venice's hidden history and little-known locales
the film journeys above the city's terracotta terrain, through its crystal blue canals, and inside its otherwise unknown workshops.
%feed https://www.theguardian.com/cities/video/2016/sep/09/inside-real-mecca-demolition-hajj-pilgrims-saudi-video A prayer for Mecca: the city that many hajj pilgrims don't see video
As the hajj begins once again, Saudi artist Ahmed Mater has revealed unprecedented changes to the holy city from flashy new hotels to the loss of priceless neighbourhoods. In the third episode of Crossing the Line, our series connecting the US and Middle East, he takes us inside Islam's urban heart
%feed https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160907082129.htm Beam me up to the video conference When science fiction heroes communicate, they don‘t use landlines or cell phones. The caller simply appears in virtual form in the middle of the room; full sized and three dimensional. This vision is already within reach, say researchers. technology
Plant bug (Chlamydatus sp.) collected in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and photographed at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (sample ID: BIOUG14280-C11; specimen record: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=SSGBA5291-14; BIN: http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_BarcodeCluster?clusteruri=BOLD:AAY9054)
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%feed http://movieposteroftheday.tumblr.com/post/150146036142 French poster for LITTLE MEN (Ira Sachs, USA, 2016)Illustrator:...
French poster for LITTLE MEN (Ira Sachs, USA, 2016)
%feed https://www.pinterest.com/pin/255016397629483218/ Net Atmo presence ca
Net Atmo presence camera
pin-art
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%feed http://www.theverge.com/2016/9/9/12866738/snapchat-fashion-week-filters-models-desigual-show NYFW models wear your favorite Snapchat filters down the runway
The models for Spanish clothing brand Desigual walked the runway at New York Fashion Week yesterday with faithfully recreated Snapchat filters as their only makeup.
The brand, known for zany prints and patchwork, showed off a denim-heavy, '70s-inspired collection. It paired pretty well with the whimsy of Kim Kardashian's favorite filter, the flower crown, as well as my mom's favorite, the bee face! Other models sported the deer lens, a crown of yellow butterflies, and of course, a dog nose.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fben-barber%2Fair-pollution-costs-255-billion_b_11930688.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dgreen%26ir%3DGreen&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Air Pollution Costs $255 Billion A Year Worldwide air pollution caused 5.5 million deaths in 2013 from lung cancer stroke, bronchitis and other diseases -- more than malaria or AIDS; And the cost of pollution-related illness and deaths is $255 billion in lost labor last year, the World Bank said in a new report on Sept 8.
One tenth of all deaths in 2013 came from air pollution, said the World Bank.
But the real cost is even higher - more than $5 trillion in 2013 a year - when the Bank economists included what they call "welfare costs" - the money people would be willing to pay to prevent an early death.
One in ten deaths around world is from air pollution, said the Bank's report authors.
And even if London, New York and other wealthy cities have greatly cut pollution in recent decades, the toxic fumes have greatly increased in China, India and other growing economies.
Regarding outdoor pollution, some 87 percent of world population lives in areas above World Health Organization guidelines, said the Bank report.
About half the deaths are from outdoor air pollution, often from cars, industry and clearing forestland. The other half comes from indoor pollution, mainly from billions of people cooking with wood, dung and other smoke-producing biomass, said Urvashai Narain, senior environmental economist at the World Bank and one of the report authors, in an interview.
U.S. and other aid agencies have pushed for many years for people to shift from biomass to gas and electricity; or to adopt efficient cook stoves with metal or clay vents to expel smoke.
For example, U.S. foreign aid delivered to rebuild homes in Pakistan after a 2005 earthquake included a sheet metal cooking stove plus a few feet of exhaust pipe per family.
However, all the improvements from such new technology has been swallowed up, said the World Bank official, by the continued increase in population in developing countries. The planet is set to surge from seven billion today to 10 or even 15 billion in coming decades - depending on whether donor nations are willing to invest in family planning or not. In the United States and in Catholic countries such as the Philippines, providing birth control is a controversial political move.
Pollution causes respiratory disease, especially among children who stay close to their mothers in those smoky kitchens, as well as chronic bronchitis and lung cancer said the report authors said.
"We need to get the private sector to provide technology," said Ms. Narain. "Previous cheap fixes did not penetrate the market, or the technology breaks down and there is no support to maintain it."
The Bank works with a number of governments to develop policies and has made $6.5 billion in loans to cut all forms of pollution between 2009-2016. But the report does not say how to reduce air pollution and save those millions of lives lost each year.
"The report just shows the cost of pollution. It is a call to action," she said.
"We hope the report will lead to more resources to fight pollution."
However, the report confines itself to air pollution and ignores the huge number of toxic waste sources poisoning the soil and water.
In addition, the Bank report should have made a plan of action that could begin to reduce pollution, said Richard Fuller, head of the non-governmental organization Pure Earth, which cleans up toxic waste sites in developing countries.
"What is needed is a plan that varies from city to city to fix this nonsense," said Fuller in an interview.
"For example, city X needs those three power plants converted. City Y needs to shut down burning biomass in winter. Another city needs to convert to stringent European diesel standards.
"We have got to move way from hand-wringing and move to specific actions," Fuller said. "It is not rocket science. It is easy. We won't need to reinvent anything."
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fnathan-gardels%2Fweekend-roundup-134_b_11934104.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dscience%26ir%3DScience&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Weekend Roundup: China's Slump Tests Brazil's Democracy What global interdependence giveth it can also take away. As long as China's economy grew rapidly, as it did over recent decades, the demand for Brazil's iron ore, oil and soybeans generated enough rising prosperity to disguise the cracks in the democratic system of Latin America's largest country.
China's slump has now exposed the malignant corruption and mismanagement that festered in the shadows of the "Brazilian miracle," sending the nation into a downward spiral of deep recession, high inflation and burdensome debt. Social unrest and massive demonstrations have regularly filled the streets, culminating in the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff.
Animated chart representing China and Brazil's economic relationship. (Getty)
Writing from Sao Paulo, Brazil's revered former president, Fernando Henrique Cardoso says, "Brazil has turned a sad page in its history. I would have much preferred that Dilma Rousseff had proved the political and administrative capacity to complete her mandate. Unfortunately the crime of responsibility was compounded by the collapse in her overall ability to govern." But, for Cardoso, Brazil's troubles reflect a larger calamity. Representative democracy is in crisis across the West, he writes. "At the core of this crisis is the widening gap between people's aspirations and the capacity of political institutions to respond to the demands of society. It is one of the ironies of our age that this deficit of trust in political institutions coexists with the rise of citizens capable of making the choices that shape their lives and influence the future of their societies." The challenge for all democracies, he concludes "is to bridge the gap between demos and res publica, between people and the public interest, reweaving the threads that may reconnect the political system with the demands of society."
Writing in HuffPost Brazil, Raphael Tsavkko Garcia warns of further turmoil ahead. "Don't fool yourself; Dilma's impeachment won't alleviate Brazil's current crisis," he says. "For the next two years, [President Michel] Temer's government will be under strong (and necessary) pressure. Cuts on the social programs that Dilma started may be increased and accelerated. ... Our problems didn't start yesterday, and they won't go away anytime soon."
On the other side of the globe, China is seeking to expand its integration with the economies of Central and South Asia through reviving the Silk Road by building out new infrastructure and trade routes. Peter Cai reports on the wariness over China's plans he found during a recent visit to India. "At the heart of India's reluctance to embrace Beijing's promise of road building and connectivity," he writes, "is strategic mistrust. The country is wedged between two nuclear-armed neighbors and has fought wars against both in the last 60 years." Cai cites local experts who see China's effort to build roads and bridges "as instruments of Beijing's intention to build influence in its neighborhood." Some, he says, even suggest that a "new Great Game," not unlike when Russia and Britain jostled for power in the region in the early 20th century, is now underway.
In a WorldPost debate, China scholars Jeffrey Wasserstrom and Kate Merkel-Hess spar with Beijing-based scholar Daniel A. Bell over claims in an essay I wrote recently arguing that Chinese President Xi Jinping's current crackdown on an independent civil society must be understood in light of that country's long history as a unitary state with no autonomous realm beyond its fold. Wasserstrom and Merkel-Hess argue that President Xi is selectively reading China's history, dismissing periods of pluralism as a way to justify authoritarianism. Bell argues that Wasserstrom and Merkel-Hess display a "colonial mindset" by engaging in their own selective reading of Chinese history to suit Western notions of human rights and democracy. All agree, as Bell puts it, that "It's a mistake to say that there is only one political tradition in Chinese history and to draw implications for contemporary China based on that assumption."
In an essay in HuffPost France, Prime Minister Manuel Valls condemns what he calls the "proselyte contestation" of those in France who "seek to defy two of the fundamental principles of our country" -- the equality of men and women and secularism. Marc Steinau, Benjamin Reuter and Nicholas Miriello report that political violence is rising in Germany along with the right-wing Alternative for Deutschland (AfD) party.
Seyed Hossein Mousavian, a former member of Iran's National Security Council, and Hesam Rahmani assess the state of the Iran nuclear deal, which continues to be attacked by opponents both in the U.S. and Iran. The fear, they write, is that "radical voices on both sides that have sought to undermine the deal will win, and escalation will once again become the name of the game between Iran and the U.S. The path to peace will diverge back onto the path to war."
As if it couldn't get worse, Willa Frej reports that child suicides are escalating in the besieged Syrian town of Madaya. Rowaida Abdelaziz, however, has a glimmer of hope from there -- a family suffering from meningitis has been evacuated for treatment just weeks after one member, an 11-year-old boy, had himself been removed due to the same illness. On the anniversary of the 9/11 terror attacks on the World Trade Center in New York, Dean Obeidallah surveys how the lives of Muslims in the Middle East have been impacted.
Arthur Molella contends that the 1900 world's fair in Paris has shaped our present-day attitudes toward technology He recalls Henry Adam's reflections at the time. "In a chapter titled 'The Dynamo and the Virgin,' he cites Adams as "ponder[ing] the implications of the machine age, expressing deep concern over what he sees as a dangerous clash between the seductive grandeur of modern science and technology -- what he calls 'the Dynamo' -- and the essential undergirding of humanity, religion and traditional values, which he christens 'the Virgin.'"
Finally, our Singularity series this week talks to virtual reality pioneer Chris Milk, who says, "I don't think the future of VR looks like video games; I don't think it looks like cinematic VR; I think it looks like stories from our real lives."
WHO WE ARE
EDITORS: Nathan Gardels, Co-Founder and Executive Advisor to the Berggruen Institute, is the Editor-in-Chief of The WorldPost. Kathleen Miles is the Executive Editor of The WorldPost. Farah Mohamed is the Managing Editor of The WorldPost. Alex Gardels and Peter Mellgard are the Associate Editors of The WorldPost. Suzanne Gaber is the Editorial Assistant of The WorldPost. Katie Nelson is News Director at The Huffington Post, overseeing The WorldPost and HuffPost's news coverage. Nick Robins-Early is a World Reporter. Rowaida Abdelaziz is World Social Media Editor.
CORRESPONDENTS: Sophia Jones in Istanbul.
EDITORIAL BOARD: Nicolas Berggruen, Nathan Gardels, Arianna Huffington, Eric Schmidt (Google Inc.), Pierre Omidyar (First Look Media), Juan Luis Cebrian (El Pais/PRISA), Walter Isaacson (Aspen Institute/TIME-CNN), John Elkann (Corriere della Sera, La Stampa), Wadah Khanfar (Al Jazeera), Dileep Padgaonkar (Times of India) and Yoichi Funabashi (Asahi Shimbun).
VICE PRESIDENT OF OPERATIONS: Dawn Nakagawa.
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Moises Naim (former editor of Foreign Policy), Nayan Chanda (Yale/Global; Far Eastern Economic Review) and Katherine Keating (One-On-One). Sergio Munoz Bata and Parag Khanna are Contributing Editors-At-Large.
The Asia Society and its ChinaFile, edited by Orville Schell, is our primary partner on Asia coverage. Eric X. Li and the Chunqiu Institute/Fudan University in Shanghai and Guancha.cn also provide first person voices from China. We also draw on the content of China Digital Times. Seung-yoon Lee is The WorldPost link in South Korea.
Jared Cohen of Google Ideas provides regular commentary from young thinkers, leaders and activists around the globe. Bruce Mau provides regular columns from MassiveChangeNetwork.com on the "whole mind" way of thinking. Patrick Soon-Shiong is Contributing Editor for Health and Medicine.
ADVISORY COUNCIL: Members of the Berggruen Institute's 21st Century Council and Council for the Future of Europe serve as the Advisory Council -- as well as regular contributors -- to the site. These include, Jacques Attali, Shaukat Aziz, Gordon Brown, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Juan Luis Cebrian, Jack Dorsey, Mohamed El-Erian, Francis Fukuyama, Felipe Gonzalez, John Gray, Reid Hoffman, Fred Hu, Mo Ibrahim, Alexei Kudrin, Pascal Lamy, Kishore Mahbubani, Alain Minc, Dambisa Moyo, Laura Tyson, Elon Musk, Pierre Omidyar, Raghuram Rajan, Nouriel Roubini, Nicolas Sarkozy, Eric Schmidt, Gerhard Schroeder, Peter Schwartz, Amartya Sen, Jeff Skoll, Michael Spence, Joe Stiglitz, Larry Summers, Wu Jianmin, George Yeo, Fareed Zakaria, Ernesto Zedillo, Ahmed Zewail and Zheng Bijian.
From the Europe group, these include: Marek Belka, Tony Blair, Jacques Delors, Niall Ferguson, Anthony Giddens, Otmar Issing, Mario Monti, Robert Mundell, Peter Sutherland and Guy Verhofstadt.
MISSION STATEMENT
The WorldPost is a global media bridge that seeks to connect the world and connect the dots. Gathering together top editors and first person contributors from all corners of the planet, we aspire to be the one publication where the whole world meets.
We not only deliver breaking news from the best sources with original reportage on the ground and user-generated content; we bring the best minds and most authoritative as well as fresh and new voices together to make sense of events from a global perspective looking around, not a national perspective looking out.
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
science
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2FPhysicsWorld%2F%7E3%2F0UXVOpovhiA%2Fnasa-launches-osiris-rex-asteroid-mission&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 NASA launches OSIRIS-REx asteroid mission The $1bn spacecraft aims to return around 60 g of asteroid material science
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%feed http://twitter.com/CyntWhite/status/774414461771800576 @CITES @HSIGlobal @AnimalDefenders pls help #savetaiz. Starving animals endangered species in zoo war torn Yemen https://t.co/bibfFzuwXE https://t.co/bibfFzuwXE
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fgreen%2F%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dgreen%26ir%3DGreen&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Air Pollution Costs $255 Billion A Year Worldwide air pollution caused 5.5 million deaths in 2013 from lung cancer stroke, bronchitis and other diseases -- more than malaria or AIDS; And the cost of pollution-related illness and deaths is $255 billion in lost labor last year, the World Bank said in a new report on Sept 8.
One tenth of all deaths in 2013 came from air pollution, said the World Bank.
But the real cost is even higher - more than $5 trillion in 2013 a year - when the Bank economists included what they call "welfare costs" - the money people would be willing to pay to prevent an early death.
One in ten deaths around world is from air pollution, said the Bank's report authors.
And even if London, New York and other wealthy cities have greatly cut pollution in recent decades, the toxic fumes have greatly increased in China, India and other growing economies.
Regarding outdoor pollution, some 87 percent of world population lives in areas above World Health Organization guidelines, said the Bank report.
About half the deaths are from outdoor air pollution, often from cars, industry and clearing forestland. The other half comes from indoor pollution, mainly from billions of people cooking with wood, dung and other smoke-producing biomass, said Urvashai Narain, senior environmental economist at the World Bank and one of the report authors, in an interview.
U.S. and other aid agencies have pushed for many years for people to shift from biomass to gas and electricity; or to adopt efficient cook stoves with metal or clay vents to expel smoke.
For example, U.S. foreign aid delivered to rebuild homes in Pakistan after a 2005 earthquake included a sheet metal cooking stove plus a few feet of exhaust pipe per family.
However, all the improvements from such new technology has been swallowed up, said the World Bank official, by the continued increase in population in developing countries. The planet is set to surge from seven billion today to 10 or even 15 billion in coming decades - depending on whether donor nations are willing to invest in family planning or not. In the United States and in Catholic countries such as the Philippines, providing birth control is a controversial political move.
Pollution causes respiratory disease, especially among children who stay close to their mothers in those smoky kitchens, as well as chronic bronchitis and lung cancer said the report authors said.
"We need to get the private sector to provide technology," said Ms. Narain. "Previous cheap fixes did not penetrate the market, or the technology breaks down and there is no support to maintain it."
The Bank works with a number of governments to develop policies and has made $6.5 billion in loans to cut all forms of pollution between 2009-2016. But the report does not say how to reduce air pollution and save those millions of lives lost each year.
"The report just shows the cost of pollution. It is a call to action," she said.
"We hope the report will lead to more resources to fight pollution."
However, the report confines itself to air pollution and ignores the huge number of toxic waste sources poisoning the soil and water.
In addition, the Bank report should have made a plan of action that could begin to reduce pollution, said Richard Fuller, head of the non-governmental organization Pure Earth, which cleans up toxic waste sites in developing countries.
"What is needed is a plan that varies from city to city to fix this nonsense," said Fuller in an interview.
"For example, city X needs those three power plants converted. City Y needs to shut down burning biomass in winter. Another city needs to convert to stringent European diesel standards.
"We have got to move way from hand-wringing and move to specific actions," Fuller said. "It is not rocket science. It is easy. We won't need to reinvent anything."
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fbenwheeler03%2F29570325995%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 90013 Dunston Hall 08-09-16
The sun sets on a fine late Summer's evening near Dunston Hall as 90013 heads for the capital with the 1900 Norwich - London Liverpool Street AGA service on 8th September 2016.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Falexia-parks%2Fwill-the-first-robot-in-t_b_11931370.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dgreen%26ir%3DGreen&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Will The First Robot In the Boardroom Be A "Woman"? With the approach of Autumn, with Fall leaves getting ready to change: I made a short list of upcoming changes facing us humans, as we begin to make room on Planet Earth for more women on top, robots in the boardroom, and greener leaner communities.
By 2018: Major medical screenings including several types of cancers, by computers, may overtake human analysis in the lab. By 2018: Seeing a 6% gain in NET profit based on 30% women in leadership, 30% women in leadership and management will become the standard. Fast-growth companies seeking higher NET profit will boost that figure to 40-50%. By 2019: The Fossil Fuel Industry will diversify after admitting that their assets in the ground (coal)(oil) will soon = ZERO By 2019: The dematerialization of the modern world will shift to small scale, local and sustainable. By 2020: The corporate world is dematerializing. Your office may be at home or a seat in a collaborative, co-working space. By 2020: The driverless car - in its own designated lane, will share the public streets with bikes and pedestrians. By 2020: Pedestrians and bicyclists clothing or smartphone will include a device to alert driverless cars to their presence. By 2020: Robots will guide humans to their seats at the Tokyo Olympics By 2025: 25% of men will require a woman to support them. By 2025: 50% of the workforce, mostly boomers, will be retiring. Will their knowledge go with them? By 2026: The first robot will take a seat in a corporate boardroom By 2028: 2/3rd's of America's wealth will be in the hands of women
QUESTION: What will women do with all that money?
By 2017: Women in government will begin moving government monies away from weapons, tanks, bullets and warfare, the the direction of education, healthcare, infrastructure and the eradication of poverty. By 2028: The shift will be complete by 2028 and we'll enter the Earth/Brain era, using the dynamic male/female synergy, human centric creativity and innovation to preserve Planet Earth, sustainably.
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fdkmao%2F29460863412%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 London afternoon
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fallison-gilbert%2Fexclusive-healing-power-o_b_11932966.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dscience%26ir%3DScience&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Why I Donated My 9-11 Triage Tag To The Memorial & Museum Before tubes were put down my throat to help me breathe, I was put in an ambulance. An emergency responder found me barefoot and terrified just blocks from Ground Zero. I was on the corner of West and Vesey when the second tower collapsed and had run out of my favorite pair of slip-on shoes escaping the downpour of debris, abandoning them somewhere a few blocks away. The bottoms of my feet were bleeding, lacerated from sprinting across pavement strewn with broken glass. The crisis worker (was my lifeline a he or a she? In the mind-blanking terror of that morning I still don't recall) thrust a triage tag around my neck. Scrawled in black ink and shorthand, the rectangular piece of paper lists my medical conditions: "diff breathing," "inhalation," "abd pain."
My triage tag is just one of 11,000 artifacts in the official collection of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. A decade after the attacks I donated it, along with my press pass working as an investigative producer for WNBC-TV. And while seeing the triage tag on display and reading the accompanying description likely makes some visitors wonder whatever happened to me, I wish there were a button next to the plexiglass case that played an audio recording of how I feel 15 years later. "I'm so happy," the voice would proclaim again and again. "Some days are harder than others, but mostly I'm at peace."
I've come to learn this sense of healing is the experience of many individuals who've donated belongings to the museum, some in recognition of their own experience, others in memory of loved ones who died. In a just-completed, yet to be published study called A Theory of Psychotherapeutic Object Dynamics, researchers conclude that the act of donating objects to the 9/11 Museum has made moving forward easier for many people.
Brenda Cowan, Associate Professor of Exhibition Design, School of Graduate Studies at SUNY/Fashion Institute of Technology, led the investigation and partnered with the museum to find participants. I was part of that group, each of us interviewed separately. At the conclusion of the report, which the National September 11 Memorial & Museum shared with me, Cowan writes that every subject of her study expressed "deep themes" of "personal healing," "renewal," "transformation," and "growth."
There are several reasons why donating objects sparks this surprising uptick in happiness, even years after a donation is made. In the process of bequeathing possessions, the 9/11 Museum became viewed as a partner in keeping our personal survivor stories and the memories of our loved ones alive. Donors came to recognize the museum as a protector of belongings and recollections, a place to keep them safe, in perpetuity. One person even referred to the museum as a "therapeutic ally." Cowan calls this phenomena the result of "Releasing/Unburdening."
This has certainly been the case for Eileen Fagan who lost her older sister, Pat, on September 11. Pat worked as an insurance adjuster on the 98th floor of the south tower. Eighteen months after she was killed, Fagan learned her sister's black purse had been located, covered in dirt and dust, but miraculously, fully intact. Among the items still inside were an extra pair of eyeglasses, a few credit cards, a driver license, and the ID card she used every day to get into her job at Aon. There was also Pat's signature coral-pink creamy lipstick. The most evocative items for Fagan, though, were the small denomination dollar bills and rosary beads.
"My sister would often stop in church for mass on the way to work," she told me. "She'd always wanted to light a candle, and she'd needed a few dollars to do that. When I see that pocketbook, it's not a reminder of her death. It's a wonderful and inspiring reminder of her life."
Like Fagan's donated pocketbook, my triage tag is also a surprising reminder of good memories. It helps me recall that after I was released from the hospital, with the triage tag cut off and in my bag, I had somewhere in Manhattan to go that felt completely safe -- my father's apartment. My mother had been dead five years by then, and even though my dad was frail and desperately ill from lung cancer, a day-long wave of panic gradually transformed into a nighttime oasis of love and support -- a safe harbor that included much-needed parental doting and affection.
September 11 was the last time I saw my father sitting up, able to talk to me, or hold my hand. It was also the final Tuesday I got to be somebody's daughter. That Friday, my dad died in another New York City hospital, a few miles from where I'd nearly suffocate on soot and rubble.
In many ways my triage tag is a symbol of survival and a job performed. But it's also a reminder that my father wanted to protect me even as our world was shifting and his was ending. His love endures and that knowledge bubbles up and makes me happy every time I think about my triage tag on display at the museum. And the realization that loved ones who have passed away can still be part of our present? That makes Eileen Fagan smile, too.
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.nationalgeographic.com%2F2016%2F09%2F09%2Fu-s-govt-pauses-dakota-access-pipeline-construction-on-army-corps-land%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 U.S. Gov't Pauses Dakota Access Pipeline Construction on Army Corps Land
[The following text is from an official press release by the U.S. Department of the Interior.]
Justice, the Department of the Army and the Department of the Interior Regarding Standing Rock Sioux Tribe V. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
WASHINGTON The Department of Justice, the Department of the Army and the Department of the Interior issued the following statement regarding Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:
“We appreciate the District Court's opinion on the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act. However, important issues raised by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and other tribal nations and their members regarding the Dakota Access pipeline specifically, and pipeline-related decision-making generally, remain. Therefore, the Department of the Army, the Department of Justice, and the Department of the Interior will take the following steps.
“The Army will not authorize constructing the Dakota Access pipeline on Corps land bordering or under Lake Oahe until it can determine whether it will need to reconsider any of its previous decisions regarding the Lake Oahe site under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) or other federal laws. Therefore, construction of the pipeline on Army Corps land bordering or under Lake Oahe will not go forward at this time. The Army will move expeditiously to make this determination, as everyone involved — including the pipeline company and its workers — deserves a clear and timely resolution. In the interim, we request that the pipeline company voluntarily pause all construction activity within 20 miles east or west of Lake Oahe.
“Furthermore, this case has highlighted the need for a serious discussion on whether there should be nationwide reform with respect to considering tribes' views on these types of infrastructure projects. Therefore, this fall, we will invite tribes to formal, government-to-government consultations on two questions: (1) within the existing statutory framework, what should the federal government do to better ensure meaningful tribal input into infrastructure-related reviews and decisions and the protection of tribal lands, resources, and treaty rights; and (2) should new legislation be proposed to Congress to alter that statutory framework and promote those goals.
“Finally, we fully support the rights of all Americans to assemble and speak freely. We urge everyone involved in protest or pipeline activities to adhere to the principles of nonviolence. Of course, anyone who commits violent or destructive acts may face criminal sanctions from federal, tribal, state, or local authorities. The Departments of Justice and the Interior will continue to deploy resources to North Dakota to help state, local, and tribal authorities, and the communities they serve, better communicate, defuse tensions, support peaceful protest, and maintain public safety.
“In recent days, we have seen thousands of demonstrators come together peacefully, with support from scores of sovereign tribal governments, to exercise their First Amendment rights and to voice heartfelt concerns about the environment and historic, sacred sites. It is now incumbent on all of us to develop a path forward that serves the broadest public interest.”
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2016%2F09%2F160908150904.htm&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Critical information needed in fight to save wildlife An international group of 22 scientists is calling for a coordinated global effort to gather important species information that is urgently needed to improve predictions for the impact of climate change on future biodiversity. gaia
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171832301%2Fin-the-ghost-town-skrunda-by-lena-osmolovska&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 In the ghost town. Skrunda by Lena Osmolovska
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171800083%2Flittle-boy-in-barbershop-getting-head-shaved-by-joshua-resnick&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 little boy in barbershop getting head shaved by Joshua Resnick
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fkev_gregory_general%2F29278804250%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Can you see me?
An owl, silhouetted amongst the branches of a tree in the Marataba Game Reserve, near Thabazimbi in South Africa.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fsep%2F09%2Fgeorgia-chimpanzees-sanctuary-project-chimps-transfer&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Mass chimpanzee transfer begins in effort to protect endangered species
Project Chimps sanctuary in Georgia will house 200-plus chimpanzees after they were declared endangered, effectively ending experimentation on the animals
More than 200 chimpanzees are being transferred to a new sanctuary in Georgia, as the US winds down the controversial practice of using chimps for scientific research.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fdavid-vognar%2Fevolution-is-true-so-what_b_11854168.html%3Futm_hp_ref%3Dscience%26ir%3DScience&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Evolution Is True. So What? There can be no debate about the truth of evolution. Genetic mutations and adaptations to local environments result in traits that can be passed down to descendants. Intelligent design is false, and there can be no debate about this either (although there are many debates between creationists and scientists that take place, which often result in the debaters talking past each other).
What can be pondered over is the mechanism or mechanisms of evolution--and what we can do about it, but more on that later. For a while, because of my strong belief in kindness as a basic constituent of reality, I eschewed the notion of the world as an uncaring place. I even entertained the long disproven theory of Lamarkian evolution for a while, which holds that traits one organism develops in a lifetime can be passed down through DNA. While epigenetic changes can in fact play a role in the inheritance of traits, these do not change the DNA itself. This changes the phenotype but not the genotype.
My favorite biologist, Stephen Jay Gould, was a proponent of natural selection and Darwinism. Yet he left room for other possible factors that can influence evolution, including neutralism--an idea that holds that evolution guards against change in order to slow random and possibly harmful genetic change. Gould was sympathetic toward a soft version of the Bauplan, which posits some mechanism of internal change, though he did not embrace it. For Gould, natural selection remained primary.
Modern geneticist Jeremy England at MIT is trying to formulate a thermodynamic theory on the origin of life. Scientist Robert Lanza and philosopher Thomas Nagel posit that consciousness must have a role in the origin of life and thus evolution. Even more speculative is the idea of Rupert Sheldrake, a Cambridge scientist who holds that morphic resonance has some role to play in evolution. Morphic resonance is the theory that as certain patterns accumulate, they reinforce each other, which can create the type of life forms we see today.
While all of these ideas are interesting, we cannot ignore the fact that natural selection is the best bet to explain how life changes materially, even if the mind or other forces play a role. For physical things, randomness rules and purpose, while very important, is small. In psychology, the tendency to see what we want to see is called confirmation bias. If we're already looking for what we want to see, then we believe it. Therefore many have discarded evolution because of their distaste for its cruelty and its leveling of the living world. We want to be special, but our universe is vast and we are very small. Important, but small.
Evolution polices the material world. And this is why I believe in evolution as a material theory. A grand theory that can explain the origin of life and its role in the universe may be years in the offing because of the borders materialists erect to explain evolution. We may never have one because of this bias. Nevertheless, Darwinian evolution answers the questions we have now in the material world. It is up to us to attempt to fine tune our understanding of how it operates with non-material quiddities. While denying evolution flies in the face of science, we may recognize evolution for what it does on its side of the equation and seek to change the way we relate to each other, to "vote" on how we may change ourselves socially and culturally on the non-material side of the equation. But this would extend beyond materialism and certainly raise the hackles of pompous types like Richard Dawkins and Steven Pinker. These thinkers seem to think they represent the lone candles battling the darkness of faith.
Modern science has gone from the non-overlapping magisteria (NOMA) of Stephen Jay Gould to Jerry A. Coyne's negative dogma that science and religion are incompatible. This is not going to help us find out the truth.
Rather, we must accept material evolution for what it is and our mental and social worlds for what they are. The fact that we know more about the former than the latter does not negate the importance of mind and interaction in shaping who we are and what we can become.
-- This feed and its contents are the property of The Huffington Post, and use is subject to our terms. It may be used for personal consumption, but may not be distributed on a website.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Ffeedproxy.google.com%2F%7Er%2Ftheatlantic%2Finfocus%2F%7E3%2F6xMavYxkSPA%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Photos of the Week: 9/3-9/9 (35 photos)
A German sunrise, the opening of the 2016 Paralympics in Rio, the ‘Day Of The Goose' in Spain, Roman soldiers on Hadrian's Wall, a 300-year-old lighthouse in Boston Harbor, and much more.
A smiley face on a sunflower in a field in Lawrence, Kansas, on September 7, 2016. The 40-acre field, planted annually by the Grinter family, draws thousands during the weeklong late summer blossoming of the sunflowers. (Charlie Riedel / AP) images
Having just come out of the river, an elephant checks out the way ahead, in the Marataba Game Reserve, near Thabazimbi in South Africa.
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2F2105414-global-treaty-set-to-halt-invasive-species-ravaging-our-oceans%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Global treaty set to halt invasive species ravaging our oceans Many ships will soon have to install systems to deal with stowaways species in their ballast water that have caused havoc when dumped far from home gaia
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fjoel-rubin%2Fi-was-in-the-peace-corps-_b_11930130.html&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Joel Rubin: I was in the Peace Corps and believe in Hillary. Here's why you should too. This is why we need to expand our engagement with the rest of the world, just as the vision of the Peace Corps demands. We must deepen our commitment to diversity and service; we must strengthen our commitment to education; and we must elect leaders who demand that we aim to meet these goals, not ones who deride them.
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattletimes.com%2Fnation-world%2Fphotos-of-the-day-sept-9-2016%2F%3Futm_source%3DRSS%26utm_medium%3DReferral%26utm_campaign%3DRSS_photos-of-the-day&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Photos of the Day: Sept. 9, 2016 Explore the news of the day with these images from around the world. images
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fmatteo-liberati%2F28941943013%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The O2
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171784245%2Fwindy-day-by-junichi-hakoyama&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Windy day by Junichi Hakoyama
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171775735%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5-%25D0%25BF%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D1%2582%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE-%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C%25D0%25B4-%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%258E-%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D0%25B4%25D1%2583-by-marat-safin&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Как мне приятно, Макдональд гладит мою морду by Marat Safin
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171763453%2F-myst-by-joachim-bergauer&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 ***Myst*** by Joachim Bergauer
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171742565%2Fi-want-to-sip-the-last-light-with-a-straw-until-th-by-oscar-nilsson&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 I want to sip the last light with a straw until th ... by Oscar Nilsson
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171728553%2Fset-sail-by-jake-olson-studios&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Set Sail by Jake Olson Studios
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=https%3A%2F%2F500px.com%2Fphoto%2F171698647%2Fpersefoni-by-magnus-brynestam&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Persefoni by Magnus Brynestam
%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fgo.theregister.com%2Ffeed%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2016%2F09%2F09%2Fosirisrex_mission_launch_success%2F&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 NASA's OSIRIS-REx is off to nick some rocks from asteroid Bennu
Did space rocks bring us life? Just 7 years and we'll know!
NASA has successfully launched its first mission sending a spacecraft to an asteroid with the aim of returning samples of space rocks back to Earth.…
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fgermany%2Frefugee-policy-sees-waning-of-power-for-merkel-a-1111668.html%23ref%3Drss&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 Clinging to Power: Is The Merkel Era Coming To an End? Chancellor Merkel's refugee policies have divided the country and the right-wing populist AfD party is rapidly gaining support. Conservatives are calling on Merkel to change course, but she is refusing to admit fallibility. Could this be the end? By SPIEGEL Staff general
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%feed http://redirect.viglink.com?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fvideo%2Findex%2F499340%2Fthe-origin-of-dogs%2F%3Futm_source%3Dfeed&key=ddaed8f51db7bb1330a6f6de768a69b8 The Origin of Dogs
How and when did wild wolves turn into domestic pets? Science tells us that humans were behind the domestication of what is now man's best friend—but the timeline of the transformation has always been mysterious. In this video, Atlantic science writer Ed Yong explains the surprising origin of dogs in light of new research.
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The most provocative book I've read this year is The End Of Protest, by Micah White, one of the two initiators of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Remember Occupy? Those crazy days when, giddy with the apparent success of the previous year's Arab Spring, independent, decentralized groups of protestors, connected by cell phones and social media, seized public spaces across… !["London]("http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8342/29292514050_939c274dd3_m.jpg")
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Chancellor Merkel's refugee policies have divided the country and the right-wing populist AfD party is rapidly gaining support. Conservatives are calling on Merkel to change course, but she is refusing to admit fallibility. Could this be the end? By SPIEGEL Staff 
